This from Investment U:

The Obama administration has made a big deal about renewable energy. Over the next several years, the new President has plans to spend roughly $150 billion promoting and enabling its growth. And with $700 billion flowing from the United States into OPEC’s pockets every year, I don’t think you’ll get much of an argument from anyone about the timeliness or the need for renewables.

But even with massive amounts of capital investment – and widespread adoption by utilities and end users – renewable energy will still only account for roughly 10% of world energy output by 2030, an increase of only three percentage points from today’s estimated 7% contribution. Depending on whom you talk to, however, that estimate is wildly optimistic.

The stark reality of worldwide energy production is a dirty, four-letter word: coal. Since the beginning of the 21st century, its worldwide consumption has outpaced any other fuel source, growing nearly 5% per year. This, too, in the face of prices that have escalated every year since 2000.

Consider 97% of that growth has occurred in emerging market countries, most notably China and India. They’ve respectively accounted for 66% and 19% of the total increase.

To keep up with the demand, world coal production is projected to increase by nearly 60% by 2030. Every major coal producing country will see huge increases in its coal output: China will almost double its output, India’s will more than double and Russia’s will rise almost 75%.

What about reserves… is there enough coal out there to meet this huge increase in consumption? The answer is yes. World reserves are more than adequate, with China, Russia and the United States accounting for 60% of them.

Presently, China’s a net exporter of coal, but that will change in a year or two. By 2030, China will be importing 88 million tons of the black rock a year. India will be importing a staggering 220 million tons per year, overtaking Europe to become the second-largest importer.

All this is of great benefit to U.S. coal producers, who have seen their exports surge nearly 45% in 2008 alone. They will continue to see increasing exports of coal to China, India and other emerging market countries.

Large investments will be needed on the prospecting side – to identify economically viable deposits – and on the mining side to develop new projects once identified. Total investment in coal-supply infrastructure is expected to be $730 billion through 2030, with 91% of that going to mine development and mining equipment, and the rest for port expansions and shipping upgrades.

Mining Coal’s Profits

The safest direct coal play is the Market Vectors Coal ETF (NYSE:KOL), which tracks the performance of the Stowe Coal Index. This gives investors a means of tracking the overall performance of companies engaged in the coal industry. This is a relatively new ETF and it gives investors exposure to the major players in the industry including:

• Arch Coal (NYSE:ACI) – One of the largest coal producers in the United States.
• Peabody Energy (NYSE:BTU) – The largest private sector coal company in the world, with majority interests in 31 coal operations located throughout the United States and Australia.
• Bucyrus International, Inc. (Nasdaq:BUCY) – A world leader in above and sub-surface mining equipment.

Another safe coal bet is Joy Global, Inc. (Nasdaq:JOYG) – essentially a carbon copy of Bucyrus. Joy’s wholly owned China Mining Machinery subsidiary recently acquired Wuxi Shengda, a Chinese manufacturer of long wall shearing machines used in underground mining operations in China.

Speaking of China, the second-largest coal producer in China, Yanzhou Coal Mining Company (NYSE:YZC), owns eight working mines – including one in Australia – with many others under construction. The seven working mainland mines have almost two billion tons of proven reserves. That’s enough to run China’s power plants for five-and-a-half years.

Of course the negative aspects of increased coal usage are increased greenhouse gas generation. Right now coal is responsible for 42% of greenhouse gasses emitted worldwide. The International Energy Agency estimates that will increase to 46% by 2030, even with aggressive implementation of new carbon capture and storage technology.

Coal is a dirty four-letter word when it comes to energy generation. And unfortunately, even under the best-case scenario, the world will have to depend on it for years to come. Investors would be wise to consider some form of exposure to coal as part of a well-balanced energy and infrastructure portfolio.

Source: Renewable Energy Reality: Coal

But what might the new administration mean for more traditional – and more reliable –energy sources?

Oil is always the first energy source to spring to mind. But it’s hardly a solo act – coal and nuclear make up the other two-thirds of the top fuel trio. Coal delivers 50% of U.S. electricity needs, and nuclear power brings another 20% to the table.

The cold truth is that demand for energy of all types – and especially electricity – is going to keep advancing, domestically and worldwide. And developing alternatives to coal and nuclear will take time. For instance, tying wind and solar into the existing power grid will be enormously expensive and is likely to pose massive technical and engineering problems.

In fact, according to the International Energy Agency, renewable energy isn’t likely to make a meaningful dent in meeting the world’s energy needs before 2030, if then.

And regardless where the power comes from, our appetite for electricity will continue to skyrocket. Across the planet, overall electricity consumption is expected to double by 2030, increasing by 17 trillion kilowatt hours. While electricity demand will “only” increase by 50% in the U.S. market by 2030, demand will increase 400% in China and six-fold in India.

Our research indicates that President Obama will have very little flexibility in solving our short-term energy problems once he’s sworn into office next month. While he may prefer the environmentally friendly alternatives, most of those replacements are far from fully developed.

The bottom line: Obama’s apparent preference for renewable energy aside, coal and nuclear power are fully deployed, and in widespread use, meaning they’ll remain the backbone of our energy sector in the New Year – and for years to come.

Even so, it’s well worth factoring in all the possible players as we examine energy-sector outlook – and the accompanying potential profit plays – for the next 12 months.

King Coal Reigns Supreme

When it comes to future energy profits for investors, coal and nuclear will continue to be the “dream team” for years to come. Coal will provide the answer to our short-term and intermediate energy needs.  It’s plentiful, it’s cheaper than other available alternatives, and a big percentage of the world’s power plants burn it.

Nuclear power offers a long-term solution to energy shortages and a clean solution to global warming, as well. Uranium-fueled nuclear plants are cheap to operate, can run for long periods without refueling, and cause little pollution.

While there is widespread distaste for coal-fired power plants that spew billions of tons of carbon dioxide and other pollutants into the air, there’s no doubt coal will continue to be the dominant player in the electricity game for some time to come.

A full 50% of the electricity U.S. consumers use is generated by coal, and coal is king in the rest of the world, as well. According to the IEA, coal accounted for 42% of all worldwide electricity consumption in 2005.
But get this – the agency predicts coal use will explode by 73% over the next 20 years. That’s the largest projected percentage increase of all energy sources.
As you might suspect, China and India use 45% of world’s coal and will be responsible for 80% of that increase. China, alone, uses more coal than the United States, Japan and Europe combined.  China is utterly dependent on coal to run its factories and assembly plants, with coal supplying 80% of its electricity. The Red Dragon also is the world’s top producer of steel, a process that’s also a big burner of coal.

But while China is coal’s largest consumer and producer, the United States controls 27% of the world’s proven reserves, the biggest-single percentage on the planet.  That puts this country front and center on the worldwide coal stage, and President-elect Obama’s energy policy in the spotlight.

The president plays a pivotal role in shaping the nation’s energy policy, naming top officials at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers.

Obama has proposed an economy-wide cap-and-trade system to reduce carbon emissions by 80% by 2050.  His system – which would set an overall emissions limit, then require polluters to buy allowances at public auction – would increase electricity rates and discourage coal consumption in the U.S. market. President-elect Obama even has stated that any utilities building coal-fired plants could go bankrupt buying pollution allowances.

And on Capitol Hill, newly emboldened Democrats recently tackled global warming and other environmental problems by choosing Sen. Henry Waxman, D-Calif., to head the House of Representative’s Energy and Commerce panel.  Waxman has already signed onto legislation that would ban any new coal-fired power plants that aren’t built using new technologies that capture carbon dioxide and store it underground, a key part of the Obama energy plan.

Luke Popovich, a spokesman for the National Mining Association, said he believes Obama will be pragmatic about the need to keep coal in the nation’s energy mix.

“He presumably would be sensitive to the impacts of energy policies given the perilous state of the economy,” Popovich said.

But while U.S. utilities may eventually be forced to tighten emissions rules and increase rates, Obama’s renewable energy plans will have very little impact on U.S. coal producers in the near future.

The world needs coal. We have it. And we’re going to sell it.

In the first half of 2008, U.S. coal exports increased by 13 million short tons, or 50%, over first-half 2007 shipments, according to the IEA.  Strong global demand for coal, combined with supply disruptions in several key coal exporting countries (Australia, South Africa and China), were the primary factors behind the increase.

But lately, coal prices, along with the prices of other fossil fuels, have suffered from the global economic crisis, and from a resurgent U.S. dollar. An 80% decline in global shipping rates has also fostered competition from other exporters, like Australia, which can now ship farther and compete with U.S. exporters.

As a result, the price of Appalachian Coal on the New York Mercantile Exchange (CME) has fallen to less than $80 a ton from $143 in July.

This will have a negative impact on coal producers until the world economy is able to gather itself back up and build up a new head of steam.

But don’t expect the slump to last long.  China’s economy is getting a shot in the arm from a gigantic $586 billion stimulus package, cementing growth expectations for 2009.  Expect U.S.exports to accelerate when that kicks in, probably in the second half of 2009.

Since the stock market usually leads economic indicators by six-to-nine months, right now is a good time to be looking at candidates for your investing dollar. But you should be cautious about pulling the trigger.  Watch construction activity in China – especially steel demand in the late spring – for the first signs of a rebound in coal prices.

When you think things are ready to take off, Peabody Energy Corp. (BTU) and Arch Coal Inc. (ACI) – the largest U.S. producers – are worth a look. For those who like to play a basket of shares, the Market Vectors Coal exchange traded fund (KOL), or ETF, provides the desired diversification. All three securities are trading at discounts of at least 80% from their July highs, and currently trade at bargain basement multiples.

If you want a coal play that bets directly on China, Money Morning Investment Director Keith Fitz-Gerald likes Yanzhou Coal Mining Co. Ltd. (ADR: YZC), one of China’s biggest coal suppliers. It produces lots of high-grade, low-sulfur coal, which burns cleaner and therefore fetches a premium price. The company boasts profit margins of 22%, when the industry averages half that.  The company profits are up a blistering 364% in the year’s first three quarters, compared with a year ago.  The stock trades at only three times earnings and has a dividend yield of 4.3%.

Nuclear Power: It Struggles in the U.S., but Thrives Abroad

Nuclear power is attractive to the energy industry because it produces electricity on a predictable, 24-hour basis – earning it the industry sobriquet of “base load” power. Coal and hydroelectric plants are the only other power sources that also rate that label. Such alternatives as wind, solar or biofuels do not.

During its term, the Bush administration tried to spark a “renaissance” in the construction of nuclear power plants.  And during his presidential campaign, Sen. John McCain stood firmly behind the industry’s hopes of building 45 new reactors by 2030.

Interest in new types of reactors seemed to hint at least at the beginnings of a new start. But President-elect Obama has been lukewarm on nuclear.  He acknowledges that nuclear is one of several viable components of the nation’s energy portfolio – the current 104-plant fleet provides 20% of America’s electricity – but has questioned its safety while emphasizing a need to diversify the nation’s energy mix with more wind, solar and other renewable sources.

“That’s sort of like my wife saying she’d support divorce under certain situations,” says William Kovacs, the U.S. Chamber of Commerce’s vice president of environment, technology, and public affairs.

In fact, the Barack Obama/Joe Biden New Energy for America Plan, while recognizing that nukes provide 70% of our non-carbon-generated electricity, says that “before an expansion of nuclear power is considered, key issues must be addressed including: security of nuclear fuel and waste, waste storage and proliferation.”  It goes on to say that the team of President-elect Obama and incoming Vice President Joe Biden “do not believe that Yucca Mountain is a suitable site as a long-term repository for spent nuclear designed for long-term storage.  In any case, the earliest the storage site could open would be 2017, and that was before Republicans lost control of the Senate.

With Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid, D-Nev., firmly opposed to nuclear waste storage in his home state – and with the Obama administration ready to hold the industry’s feet to the regulatory fire – any plans to expand the nuclear industry in the United States now face a high hurdle.

But nuclear proponents are hardly impotent.  The Nuclear Energy Institute, the industry’s most powerful lobbying group, helped craft the Energy Policy Act of 2005 with more than $12 billion in subsidies for nukes.

Maintaining nuclear energy’s current 20% share of generation would require building three reactors every two years starting in 2016, based on U.S. Department of Energy forecasts.  Right now, some 17 companies and consortia are pursuing licenses for more than 30 nuclear power plants with the Nuclear Regulatory Commission.

But the last operating license for a nuclear plant in the United States was issued in 1978, and the approval process takes a minimum of 24 months after site approval, which can take years.  Expect lots of public comment and infighting in Washington, as applications wind their way through the approval process at the NRC.

Meanwhile, the rest of the world is racing ahead with plans to up the ante in the nuclear power game. There are currently 440 nuclear reactors in 31 countries that generate about 16% of the world’s electricity.

Uranium-fueled nuclear energy is rapidly gaining global acceptance as a clean, reliable alternative to such dirty-burning fossil fuels as coal and oil. In a twin bid to combat global warming and keep up with soaring demand for electricity, countries are rushing to build nuclear power plants. Under current projections, 630 reactors will be operating in 55 countries by 2030.

It’s the new technologies those reactors are designed around that are aimed at allaying the public’s perception about the safety of nuclear power.  Toshiba Plant & System Services, which has built 112 plants in the past 12 years (more than any other company), is working on a “mininuke,” according to Forbes magazine. Called the “4S” (short for Super-Safe, Small and Simple), it uses a bath of molten sodium to produce steam twice as hot as steam from water-cooled reactors.  The 4S can crank out as much as 50 megawatts of power, easily enough to fire up a small factory, or to service an entire town that’s located off the main power grid.

On top of that, the mininuke can go 30 years without refueling, as opposed to typical reactors, which must be fed every 18 months. And the 4S will be safer, because the reactor core is deep underground, well protected against a terrorist attack or earthquakes.

China and South Africa are working on so-called “pebble-bed reactors,” one version of which is filled with 100,000 billiard-ball-sized spheres of coated uranium that are cooled by helium. That eliminates the need for enormous pressurized water-cooling systems and million-dollar containment domes, making them virtually meltdown-proof.

U.S. firms are also on the trail of smaller and safer designs. A Santa Fe, NM company called Hyperion Power Generation Inc., is working on a hot-tub sized design, which eliminates the need for the notoriously unstable uranium control rods. U.S. giant General Electric Co. (GE) is working on new, more efficient designs, as well.

No matter how you slice it, the fuel for the reactors in those plants all depend on a scarce commodity – uranium.  Flat out, there’s just not enough “yellow cake” to go around.  It takes seven to 10 years to transform a uranium discovery into a fully operational mine. With that kind of lag time, it’s clearly almost impossible for supply to keep up with demand.

Until recently, the market reflected the scarcity, rising as high as $137 a pound in 2007. But lately, despite the global shortages, uranium prices – in sympathy with other commodity prices – have nosedived.

Prices have fallen 40% this year, leading to a sharp decline in the share prices of mining companies, and eviscerating the financing for extraction projects. In the last month alone, six uranium mines in western Colorado and Utah were either put on hold or closed.

Some experts lay the blame for this current credit squeeze squarely at the feet of hedge funds – who they blame for buying up uranium – and banks no longer willing to lend money.

“Hedge funds were selling off their uranium to raise cash, and the prices just plunged,” said George E.L. Glasier, chief executive officer of Energy Fuels Inc., a Canadian junior miner that recently put a Colorado mine project on hold as part of a “capital preservation” strategy brought on by the credit crunch.

Uranium prices fell to $75 early this year, and fell as low as $44 this fall.  The spot price now is $55.

With the worldwide growth in the industry – and a classic supply/demand imbalance in the making – someone is eventually going to have to pay the price.  History shows when uranium prices move higher, uranium stocks almost always hitch a ride North. So when uranium prices advance – most likely to new highs – expect mining stocks to rise in virtual lock step.

But notwithstanding global growth – for now, at least – Obama’s energy plan and the mothballing of mines makes any uranium play a long-term proposition.

Besides Toshiba (PINK:TOSBF), the stocks to consider include Cameco Corp. (CCJ), the largest U.S. producer; and General Electric, which has a presence in the commercial nuclear power market here and overseas. Also, take a look at Rio Tinto PLC (RTP) and BHP Billiton Ltd. (BHP), huge international mining firms with large uranium deposits.  Each of these firms would stand to reap substantial profits from a resurgent price in yellow cake.

Outlook 2009 – and Beyond

However, regardless of what uranium does, coal is still the 800-pound gorilla in the energy world. In the United States, no matter how lofty our environmental intentions may be, it’s unlikely coal will be regulated out of existence anytime soon. That’s especially true overseas, where coal is playing a crucial role, fueling the transformation of such countries as China and India from “emerging markets” into first-order powerhouse economies. Given that, the world market simply can’t replace coal anytime soon, either.

As for nuclear power, safety improvements and other technological solutions make nuclear energy a viable energy source for the long term, eventually grabbing a bigger piece of the energy pie – especially overseas.

The bottom line: The economic outlook for both coal and nuclear power is upbeat.  Investors might look at both energy plays when considering how to allocate their portfolio – for the New Year and beyond.

Source: Surprise! Coal & Nuclear Power are Keys to Obama’s Energy Plan

This from Today’s Financial News:

This is turning out to be a big week for the energy markets. Prices for commodities like natural gas, coal, gasoline, diesel, and of course, crude oil are dropping precipitously. Right now, we are very close to some critical pricing levels. If we drop below them, even bigger declines could be on the way.

First off, let’s look at the king of all commodities, crude oil.

As I write, a barrel of crude is just $1.27 away from trading for less than $60. Many energy experts believe once oil drops below that crucial level, there is nothing stopping it from dropping drastically lower. With a little help from a strengthening dollar, we could see a barrel of crude trading in the $40 range by the end of the year. $30 is a stretch, but it is not out of reach.

Thanks to interest rate cuts in England and throughout Europe today, the dollar stands to continue its currency domination. When London announced it slashed its key interest rate by 150 basis points, the value of the dollar jumped almost immediately.

It now takes $1.58 to buy an English pound and $1.27 to buy a euro. Both figures were climbing over the past week, but thanks to today’s widespread increases in liquidity, European currencies are one again dropping in value. They will drag oil prices down with them.

But crude is certainly not the only source of energy on the decline. Even after a surprisingly low weekly build in natural gas inventories, the popular source of home heat is trading well into negative territory. Right now, a million BTUs of gas is trading for $7.19. Technical analysts believe if it does not close above $7.30 today, we are in for another major drop.

****** Oil at $50 a Barrel — Gold at $500 by Christmas?  ******

With stocks as volatile as nitroglycerin, gold should be trading above $2,000 an ounce! But the dollar insurrection has shaken up the commodities markets. Some experts now put gold’s downside at $500… even $400.

What if they’re right?

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According to a report by the energy department, natural gas supplies are not quite as high as most experts believed. Over the last week, inventories grew by 12 billion cubic feet. The consensus estimate was for growth of nearly twice that figure.

It is important to note that inventories are 3.7% below where they were a year ago. That is a clue that the fall in prices was not necessarily caused by a reduction in demand. It is a sign that speculators have been forced from the market.

The bullish side of energy

Finally, it is important to look at coal prices. Thanks to [stell producer] ArcelorMittal’s (NYSE:MT) announcement yesterday that it will slash its production capacity by as much as 35% in the coming months, the coal industry has suffered significant setbacks.

Coal giants like Massey Energy (NYSE:MEE) and Peabody Energy (NYSE:BTU) have been significantly wounded over the past two days. They have given back all of the gains they made last week.

Fortunately, there is a glimmer of hope on the horizon. ArcelorMittal promises it will boost production in mid-2009. That means coking coal will jump in demand and the companies that produce it will see their valuations increase significantly.

That is great news for James River Coal (NYSE:JRCC). Shares have been reduced by dramatic proportions and are dirt cheap today. I stand by my recommendation to buy the company’s stock.

The energy industry is in flux. For folks with a long-term bullish sentiment like I have, this is a great buying opportunity.

Remember… Buy when everybody else is selling.

Source:Oil nears $50: Is this a buying opportunity?

• Google Inc. (GOOG) said yesterday (Thursday) that profit climbed 26% to $1.35 billion, or $4.24 per share in the third quarter, up from $1.07 billion, or $3.38 per share, at the same time last year. Revenue soared 31% to $5.54 billion.

• Initial claims for unemployment insurance last week fell 16,000 to a seasonally adjusted level of 461,000 the Labor Department reported yesterday (Thursday). However, the four-week average, which is less volatile, increased slightly to 483,250 – a seven-year high. The number of people continuing to receive jobless benefits rose 40,000 to 3.7 million.

• Peabody Energy Corp. (BTU), the St. Louis-based company that fuels about one-tenth of all U.S. electricity generation and more than 2% worldwide reported net income of $369 million, or $1.36 cents per share, in the third quarter. That compares with $32.3 million, or 12 cents per share, a year ago.

• Nucor Corp.’s (NUE) third-quarter profit nearly doubled, the Charlotte, N.C.-based steelmaker said yesterday (Thursday). The company reported profit of $734.6 million, or $2.31 per share, compared to $381.2 million, or $1.29 per share, in 2007. Quarterly sales jumped 75 percent to a record $7.45 billion.

• Nokia Corp. (ADR: NOK) announced yesterday (Thursday) that third quarter net profit dropped to $2.7 billion (1.09 billion euros) from 1.56 billion euros a year earlier. Net sales for the Finland-based cell phone maker declined 5% to $16.6 billion (12.2 billion euros) from 12.9 billion euros, BusinessWeek reported.

• Advanced Micro Devices Inc. (AMD) yesterday (Thursday) announced a third quarter loss of $67 million, or 11 cents per share. For the same period the year prior, the memory-chip maker lost $396 million, or 71 cents per share, MarketWatch reported.

• The Hershey Co. (HSY) yesterday (Thursday) announced that its third quarter profit was $124.5 million, or 54 cents per share, up from $62.8 million, or 28 cents per share, in the third quarter of 2007. The domestic candy maker’s revenue increased 6.4% to $1.49 billion due to 25% price increases to help offset higher raw ingredient costs, The Wall Street Journal reported.

• Citigroup Inc. (C) yesterday (Thursday) announced a $2.8 billion loss for the third quarter. North American credit-card loan charge offs increased by $311 million in the quarter, reflecting slower payment rates, higher bankruptcies, rising unemployment and lower recoveries on bad debt, Citigroup Chief Financial Officer Crittenden said on a conference call, Bloomberg News reported. Citi shares lost 33 cents each, or 2.03%, to close at $15.90.

Source: Global Investing Roundups Friday, October 17th, 2008

“In the next 12 months there will be an unprecedented amount of both domestic and cross-border mergers and acquisitions,” Wilbur Ross, chairman of International Coal Group Inc. (ICO), told Bloomberg News. “U.S. reserves are undervalued relative to those in the rest of the world.”

Ross, the billionaire investor who helped consolidate the U.S. coal and steel industries, considers this the start of a round of mergers that will prove Cleveland-Cliffs prescient in its Alpha bid.

The top eight U.S. coal producers, which are worth more than $50 billion, are possible takeover targets for a country desperate for resources. And compared with China, American coal companies are bargains.

China Shenhua Energy Co., Asia’s biggest coal company is valued at $15.52 for every ton of coal it holds, compared to $2.11 a ton for Peabody Energy Corp. (BTU), and $1.76 for International Coal, Bloomberg reported.

At a point when the U.S. economy is slowing under the weight of a growing financial crisis, and spiking food-and-energy prices, escalating growth in the developing economies around the world has ignited a bull market for coal that analysts believe could last for at least 10 years.

And that’s going to lead to a major shift in the ownership of coal-related assets.

Enter the Red Dragon: China’s Coal Crisis

China, home to 1.3 billion people and the world’s fastest-growing economy, counts upon coal for 80% of its energy needs. Indeed, it’s the world’s largest coal producer, as well as its largest consumer. Coal demand in China jumped nearly 9% last year – meaning the Eastern power now accounts for a full quarter of the world’s annual coal consumption. So it’s no surprise at all that the growing global discrepancy between supply and demand is most acute in China.

Vic Svec, a senior executive at Peabody Energy, the world’s largest private-sector coal producer, referred to China’s ability to influence the price of commodities as a “butterfly effect.” In other words, “demand from Beijing can ripple back to Queensland, Australia, or Gillette, Wyoming,” Svec told The Wall Street Journal.

Svec’s right. Five years ago, China exported 83 million metric tons more coal than it imported. But last year, the nation’s surplus dropped to a meager 2 million metric tons. That means more than 80 million metric tons of coal (about 12% of the internationally traded market)has been taken out of global circulation.

That’s a big reason why the highly coveted low-sulfur coal from the Powder River Basin in Wyoming and Montana has climbed from less than $10 a ton last year, to nearly $15 a ton – a price gain of 50%. And why thermal coal prices at Australia’s Newcastle port, a benchmark for the Asian market, have more than doubled this year.

Ironically, the high prices demand and China helped create, have left the country on on the brink of a potentially disastrous energy shortfall. Overseas coal has simply become too expensive for China to import.

The Asian nation imported just 21.55 million metric tons of coal in the first six months of this year, down 20.4% from the same period last year, according to China’s customs bureau.

Now, the county is suffering through its worst power shortage in decades because of soaring demand and inadequate supplies.

Nearly half of China’s provinces have started to ration electricity. Last month, the government raised electricity tariffs by 5% but prices are still 30% lower than current coal prices would imply, according to BNP Paribas SA (OTC ADR: BNPQY) estimates. And that has forced many smaller energy producers out of business.

The government in Beijing tried to deal with the matter by imposing price controls on electricity that make it impossible for energy suppliers to raise their prices, even as they pay more for natural resources that have skyrocketed in price. But that measure is driving smaller producers out of business.

“Large state-owned power companies have no choice but to keep operating and we have seen strong power generation growth from them so far this year despite the high coal prices,” Daisy Zhang, an analyst with BNP Paribas in Shanghai, told the Financial Times. “But smaller power plants have been shutting down because the more they operate, the more [money] they lose.”

Figures from the China Electricity Council for the first five months of this year show that out of a total of 4,800 power plants, 1,800 suffered net losses over the period. The overwhelming majority of the losers were fueled by coal.

The government has also capped the price of coal but that hasn’t alleviated the pressure energy suppliers either.

“If a coal company wants to raise prices it just issues a notice and that’s it. There’s no way [to refuse] even if you don’t agree,” one coal purchaser with a power plant told the Shanghai Securities News last week.

The newspaper also cited industry officials as saying that coal companies have been refusing to honor contracts, thereby forcing power firms to buy from the spot market, where prices are considerably higher.

While previously around 80% of contracts were honored, the figure has dropped to 60%, the Shanghai Securities News said.

Another problem is the growing number of coal exports. Beijing has capped the price of coal sold in its home market, but global prices continue to rise, which makes exporting coal far more profitable. The difference between domestic and global coal prices was about $54.70 per metric ton in the week ended on July 4, China Business News reported.

China exported 25.49 million metric tons of coal in that time, a 10.2% increase from the year prior. In fact, China’s coal exports soared 83.5% year-over-year in June to 6.99 million metric tons, the highest monthly total since March 2005, even as the nation suffered through a shortage of the fuel that has resulted in blackouts across the country and a multitude of energy providers being shut down.

While many in the industry anticipate Beijing will raise energy tariffs further after the Olympic games, few believe that will be enough. It seems apparent that the solution for China’s coal crisis is to get more coal, and many believe it will through cross-border acquisitions.

China Ready to Pounce on U.S. Coal Suppliers

The total volume of mergers and acquisitions (M&A) dropped by 36% in the first half of 2008, the slowest start since 2005, according to Dealogic. But while deal volume in the United States tumbled 40%, transaction volumes jumped 5% in Asia.

The pickup in Asian transactions is largely attributable to Chinese companies, which announced plans to buy a combined $42 billion in foreign assets. That’s more than five times the amount Chinese companies spent on M&A in 2007, according to Dealogic. It’s also equivalent to the combined volume of all the foreign takeovers by Chinese companies from 2000 to 2006.

Also, while deal volume was down in most every sector, takeovers of energy and mining companies shot up 33% in the first six months of 2008. And that is only a small indication of things to come.

The recent buyout of Alpha Natural Resources Inc. by Cleveland Cliffs Inc. could pave the way for more than $50 billion worth of M&A activity in the U.S. coal industry over the next few years, Bloomberg News reported.

“People will look back on this as the first major U.S. event, not as overpriced,” International Coal’s Ross said.

Another factor to consider is the weakness of the dollar, which makes U.S. assets even more affordable for foreign companies.

Cross border activity represented 40% of the $1.6 trillion in first-half deals and, according to Thomson Financial, “was aided by emerging economies with cash to spend and favorable exchange rates in the U.S.”

Chinese interests have already displayed an aptitude in acquiring resources vital to their growth. This was evidenced earlier this month, when Sinosteel won its hostile bid for Midwest Corp. Ltd., an Australian iron ore producer. Iron ore, the other key ingredient in steel production, has more than doubled in price over the past year.

Also, in February, Aluminum Corp. of China (ADR: ACH) teamed up with Alcoa Inc. (AA) to buy a 12% stake in Rio Tinto PLC (RTP) hoping to thwart an unsolicited takeover from BHP Billiton Ltd. (BHP) that would have give the Australian powerhouse control over a third of the world’s iron ore.

So far, all but one of the 10 unsolicited hostile bids launched by Chinese firms on foreign targets since 2005 have focused on natural resources, according to The New York Times.

“Working on China-related deals two or three years ago, I once gave a presentation to an interest group in which I said Chinese investors did not yet have the appetite for hostile takeovers,” a Chinese lawyer working for an international law firm told China Economic Review. “But I am sure we will see a lot of more of these over the coming months and years. Chinese investors are increasingly sophisticated.”

The attorney went on to say that he was currently working on two commodities-related investments by Chinese firms in Australia – one of which could well end with an aggressive takeover bid.

Source: How Coal Shortages in China Will Spark More Foreign Takeovers of U.S. Assets

So it follows that as worldwide demand for electricity skyrockets – as it will – the shares of companies that provide these two key fuels also will take flight.

And they make for almost-perfect partners.

That’s because coal represents the world’s short-term solution to the problem of a rapidly climbing global demand for power. It’s plentiful, it’s cheaper than other available alternatives, and a big percentage of the world’s power plants are set up to burn this fossil fuel.

Uranium, on the other hand, represents the long-term solution to potential fuel shortages – and it offers a solution to global warming, to boot. Uranium-powered commercial nuclear plants are cheap to operate, can run a long time, and when operated correctly cause little pollution.

The New ‘Black Gold’

India, a growing economic and industrial power, relies on coal for nearly 70% of its total energy supply. And the World Coal Institute expects India’s energy consumption to rise by as much as 8% to 10% annually through 2020.

Coal also is used to satisfy the Red Dragon’s energy appetite, providing 78% of China’s total power needs. Coal demand in China jumped nearly 9% last year – meaning the Eastern power now accounts for a full quarter of the world’s annual coal consumption, The Wall Street Journal reported.

Five years ago, China exported 83 million metric tons more coal than it imported. But last year, the nation’s surplus dropped to a meager 2 million metric tons. That means more than 80 million metric tons of coal (about 12% of the internationally traded market) has been taken out of global circulation.

Vic Svec, a senior executive at Peabody Energy Corp. (BTU), the world’s largest private-sector coal producer, referred to China’s ability to influence the price of commodities as a “butterfly effect.” In other words, Svec told The Journal, “demand from Beijing can ripple back to Queensland, Australia, or Gillette, Wyoming.”

Svec’s right. China’s recent development is part of the reason the highly desirable low-sulfur coal from the coal-laden Powder River Basin in Wyoming and Montana has climbed from less than $10 a ton last year, to nearly $15 a ton – a price gain of 50%.

Central Appalachian coal, the benchmark grade widely used by power plants, jumped from $40 a ton in early 2007, to nearly $90 a ton now, according to a recent report by the Associated Press. That’s price increase of 125% in just a single year.

Meanwhile, the weekly index for power station coal prices at Australia’s Newcastle port, a benchmark for the Asian market, averaged $126.45 per metric ton in the month of April, up nearly 40% from January. The port’s weekly price index rose to $133.63 per metric ton for the week ended May 9 – an 11-week high according to the globalCOAL NEWC Index. The index is up approximately 49% this year.

According to the Energy Information Administration, world coal consumption could expand by 74% from 2004 to 2030. And that will only drive prices higher.

While demand for coal is at an all-time high, the same can’t be said for coal supplies. Harsh weather conditions and infrastructure constraints in coal-producing regions have severely crimped supplies.

In South Africa, power shortages and flooding have closed down several key mines. With such setbacks, the price of coal coming out of South Africa’s Richards Bay Coal Terminal, the world’s largest, jumped nearly 90% last year.

Xstrata PLC, the world’s biggest exporter of power-station coal, said that first-quarter coal output fell 3.6% after floods and rain delays diminished supplies from Australian mines. Monsoon rains throughout the region also impacted archrivals Rio Tinto PLC (RTP), and BHP Billiton Ltd. (BHP).

Meanwhile, China, a leading producer and consumer, was devastated just a few months ago by the worst blizzard of the past half-century. Three weeks of snowfall killed at least 60 people and cost the country approximately $7.5 billion.

China had already closed a multitude of coalmines in 2007, after they were deemed unsafe. The subsequent weather problems only exacerbated that situation, forcing the closure of a great many more mines and prompting China to restrict exports. Major roads and railways also were shut down, creating traffic congestion during the thickly traveled Chinese New Year – and making deliveries highly problematic for drivers.

As the cold of winter gave way to the higher temperatures of spring and summer, yet another weather-related challenge emerged. This time around, the double-whammy of higher-than-expected temperatures coupled with sparse rainfall are straining thermal power plants: The warm weather is boosting the use of energy-intensive air conditioning even as those same higher temperatures have dropped the water level of the rivers that spin the huge power-producing turbines at hydroelectric dams.

If you’re looking to play surging coal prices, Money Morning Investment Director Keith Fitz-Gerald suggests taking a look at Yanzhou Coal Mining Co. (YZC). The China-based Yanzhou is nicely diversified in several ways:

• First, it not only operates underground coalmines, Yanzhou also operates a railway transportation network for shipping coal.
• Second, Yanzhou’s focus on low-sulfur coal products means it finds demand from large-scale power plants and from metal-producing companies all around the world. The reason: Low-sulfur coal can be combined with coking coal in a metal-production process known as “pulverized coal injection,” or PCI. That combination gives Yanzhou a nice extra bit of industrial diversification.
• Third, investors can add geographic diversification to the profit mix as they analyze sector plays.

Provided with these positives, it should be no surprise to investors that Yanzhou’s first-quarter profit more than doubled, climbing more than 112% on surging demand for the fuel and on the higher trading prices seen in the markets around the world.

Last week the Associated Press reported, “Utilities nationwide are raising rates and are likely to push for even more dramatic increases in electric rates in the coming months.”

Americans are already strapped for cash due to rising gas and food prices and a sinking real estate market. So why’s electricity joining the scrum?

Well, a large part of the blame lies with steel… As I wrote last week, steel prices worldwide are skyrocketing. This week, we’re going to look at one of the ramifications of soaring steel prices… soaring coal prices.

Coking coal is the type of coal used in steelmaking. Demand from steelmakers is driving prices higher. In fact, many steelmakers, including the world’s second-largest producer (Nippon Steel), recently agreed to pay triple what they previously paid for coking coal.

Take a look at the following chart of coal prices since 1996…

The Global Insight coal index doesn’t contain any U.S. coal – it’s 60% South African, 30% Colombian, and 10% Australian. But the market for coal, like oil, is global. When the price of foreign coal spikes, the U.S. exports more of its coal… resulting in higher U.S. prices.

So the steel rally has swept coal along with it. But coal prices have not yet gone parabolic like steel prices. Does that mean coal is a good buy for people who are bullish on steel?

Trend followers might find coal attractive. But there’s no easy way to bet on the price of coal except through coal stocks… And coal stocks are expensive right now.

Take a look at the following chart…

Coal Stocks are Expensive

Investors are excited about the coal industry and have bid up the price of coal producers in relation to the price of coal. And any falter in the growth rate of coal prices could lead to a sharp drop in these stocks. So here’s how to play the coal boom.Wait for just such a pullback before buying your favorite coal stock. A few of the big names are Peabody (BTU), Consol (CNX), Massey (MEE), and Arch (ACI). Or you can buy a basket of coal producers with the Market Vectors Coal ETF (KOL).

Coal produces about half of all the electricity generated in the U.S. With coal prices soaring, it’s likely you’ll feel the effects of soaring coal prices in your electricity bill… But if you buy coal producers at the right prices, you should see some profit, too.

Good investing,

Ian Davis