Chuck Butler (The Daily Reckoning):
As I checked the currencies throughout the day yesterday, I noticed that as the day went on, the non-dollar currencies were stronger, led by the Big Dog, euro (EUR)… But then late last night, and I mean late last night, I checked them, and those gains had been wiped out.

So, when I arrived here this morning, I had one thing on the top of my list of things to do, and that was to find out what happened… Come on, I said to myself, it had to be more than the “risk on, risk off” stuff that’s been hanging over the markets like the Sword of Damocles! But, when you get right down to the nitty gritty, that’s all it was… For once again, there was some data, or story, or rumor, that spooked the markets into believing the global recovery isn’t going to happen, and the “risk off” came into play.

So what was it that spooked the markets… Well… The only thing I can find was the report yesterday about falling Housing Starts that Chris told you about… Did you know that about 14% of US homeowners were either delinquent on their mortgage or in some stage of foreclosure? That is the highest rate since the group started collecting the data in 1972!

But there was something else that was announced as the day went on, that I think probably spooked the markets more than anything else… And that is a key House panel approved two amendments to a sweeping financial-overhaul bill that would give federal watchdogs new authority to audit the Federal Reserve, and would establish a fund of as much as $200 billion to help dissolve large, troubled institutions. Rep. Ron Paul (R., Texas) offered the amendment seeking to subject the Fed to audits.

The House Financial Services Committee voted 41-28 to approve the amendments, wrapping up weeks of debate but postponing a final vote on the bill until after Thanksgiving.

OK… More deficit spending for sure, and I’m positive that this was “hung on this bill” to audit the Fed as the only way it would get through the gauntlet.
Click here to finish Mr. Butler’s article at The Daily Reckoning.

Don Miller (Money Morning):
The U.S. Federal Reserve may take an unorthodox approach to raising interest rates by paying interest on bank reserves rather than relying on traditional open market remedies, as it exits from its long-term fiscal stimulus programs, Reuters reported today (Tuesday).

Paying interest on reserves is mostly untested and would represent an unexpected twist in the Fed’s response to the financial meltdown.

“In the old days … the Fed controlled the federal funds rate with open market operations,” Antulio Bomfim, a former Fed economist now with Macroeconomic Advisors LLC in Washington told Reuters. “Now, at least in this period when reserves are over-abundant, the way the Fed hopes to raise the federal funds rate will be primarily by raising the interest rate it pays on reserves.”

Usually, when the central bank wants to set a target for the federal funds rate it buys or sells Treasury securities on the open market, influencing interest rates by deploying or withdrawing capital.

By paying interest on reserves, the Fed makes it attractive for banks to keep their money at the central bank as long as interest rates in private markets are lower.

By doing that, the Fed can put a floor under the lending rate that banks charge each other for overnight loans, which is the central bank’s traditional choice for influencing the economy. Open market operations to raise interest rates would be relegated to a supporting role in the initial stages of tightening.

In order to spark an economy mired in deep recession . . . Click here to read the rest of Mr. Miller’s article.

Yesterday, we had a couple of Fed Heads talking, but the Big Kahuna stood out and moved the markets with his statements… Here’s the skinny…

Big Ben was giving a speech, and said, “The Fed will monitor closely the currencies, and the Fed’s policies will ensure that the dollar is strong.” Now, when he first uttered those words, the dollar got bought and the non-dollar currencies were sold… But then, a few of us had this feeling… It was a feeling that we had heard all this before… And there – in the archives, circa June 2008 – Bernanke said, “In collaboration with our colleagues at the Treasury, we continue to carefully monitor developments in foreign exchange markets.” Wait! We won’t get fooled again!

In June 2008, his statements spooked the markets into believing the Fed was really going to do something to bolster the dollar… But when nothing came along, the dollar REALLY got sold until the financial meltdown of August 2008… I mean… What has the Fed done in the past 1 1/2 years to “bolster the dollar”? Near zero interest rates that will remain in place for longer than they should… Quantitative easing… A bloated balance sheet of toxic bonds.

You could see the V-8 moments on traders’ faces when they realized, yesterday, that all this had been said before, and nothing came of it, so… We won’t get fooled again!

So, then traders reversed their buying of the dollar and sent the dollar to the woodshed. You should have seen the reversal… It was amazing…

Click here to read the rest of Mr. Butler’s article.

But we’re not…yet.

Classic economic theory says that money supply can be used to stimulate the economy and our central bankers seem to agree. That’s why they’ve pumped more than $1 trillion dollars into the economy, engineered countless bailout bonanzas for zombie institutions, put Detroit on life support, and delivered a bunch of financial Band-Aids to the trauma ward — all in a desperate bid to make Americans feel better about the global financial crisis.

To their way of thinking, the trillions of dollars have been a success. That’s why any meeting of the Group of Eight (G8) nations looks more like a mutual affection society with central bankers anxious to claim credit and backslap each other in congratulations for having avoided the “Great Depression II.”

But by taking the Federal balance sheet to more than $2 trillion from $928 billion 2008, they’ve created a situation that should have resulted in an epic inflationary spike to accompany the 137% increase in liabilities.

Yet that hasn’t quite happened.

Core inflation — which denotes consumer prices without food and energy costs — has actually decreased from 2.5% in 2008 to 1.5% presently. And that has many investors who have heard the siren call of the doom, gloom and boom crowd wondering if they’re worried about nothing.

So what gives?

Well, there are four reasons we haven’t yet seen hyperinflation:

Click here to continue reading Mr. Fitzgerald’s article.

Precious metals have always been intriguing to investors because they tend to hold their value. In times of geopolitical crisis or currency devaluation, for example, the value of paper money might fluctuate, but a hard asset will always be worth something. As a result, historically, precious metals have been considered a “safe haven” in times of economic and financial instability.

That brings us to why gold is on a tear today. It declined in 2008 and early 2009 as panicked investors rushed into cash in an attempt to weather the financial crisis. But sometime in the middle on 2009, when investors began to move their money from the sidelines, gold started to rally. It returned 32.59% through the third quarter of 2009, vs. 19.26% for stocks.

The question is, where can we expect gold to go from here? In order to predict whether gold prices will skyrocket or come crashing down, it’s important to understand the principal factors that affect the price of any commodity: supply and demand.

The supply side of the equation is not particularly relevant in regard to gold because gold supplies remain fairly constant. That’s because production has not significantly increased due to a lack of new mining sites. Should supplies increase, however, investors may want to be cautious.

The demand side of the equation, then, is the one gold investors must look at. And as we noted above, demand for gold tends to increase when investors have a lack of confidence in the U.S. economy and financial markets.

That’s certainly the case today. In fact, we see two factors, that could lead gold to outperform in the near future: inflation and currency devaluation. In response to the financial crisis of 2008 and 2009, the Federal Reserve injected massive amounts of liquidity into the money markets. Ultimately, that increase in the money supply could devalue the U.S. dollar and lead to inflation. In fact, the U.S. dollar is already shockingly low. On October 14, 2009, it fell to a 14-month low against the euro, hitting $1.4947, the weakest since August 2008, according to Bloomberg. And while inflation is not yet a problem, economists are on the lookout for it.

These conditions led Standard & Poor’s (S&P) to raise its gold price assumption for 2010 from $750 per ounce to $800 per ounce. “Investors seeking a hedge against inflation risks and uncertainty in the financial markets continue to support gold prices,” the S&P analysts write. “The metal’s properties as a safe haven, and to a lesser extent the demand for jewelry, also support its longer-term price prospects.”

S&P’s estimate, however, may be on the low side. As of November 2009, gold was trading at more than $1,000 per ounce. And since gold exceeded $1,000 per ounce level, the price has been extremely resilient, with no meaningful pullback seen. There have been periods of profit-taking, but increased demand quickly appears on any weakness in price.

In sum, then, good old-fashioned gold fever is back—and investors who are looking for a promising trend may want to consider investing in it and other precious metals.

But don’t consider gold an investment only for troubled times. One of the greatest advantages of precious metals exists regardless of economic and market conditions. Precious metals tend to perform differently from other assets. As a result, investing in precious metals may be a good diversification strategy for a portfolio comprised mainly of stocks, bonds and real estate—in all environments.

This article was written by OilPrice.com – who offer free information and analysis on Energy and Commodities. The site has sections devoted to Fossil Fuels, Alternative Energy, Metals, Oil prices and Geopolitics. To find out more visit their website at: http://www.oilprice.com

With the global economy taking off without us and foreign interest rates already on the rise, the Fed is desperate to look bullish while acting bearish.

Anybody that has ever tried to prove the existence of Santa Clause or the Tooth Fairy to a six year old knows what Bernanke is trying to do. At this point, he’ll do anything to change the subject and focus the attention on something else.

With all of this talk about an increasingly deadly carry trade bubble, it is beyond obvious that American interest rates need to rise. If it doesn’t happen, soon enough all of America’s money will be invested in some high rise in China’s Guandong province… or Saudi oil.

But we all know Bernanke would commit career suicide by lifting a headliner like short-term rates even by a quarter of a percent. The blame for any upcoming financial downturn will be squarely on his shoulders.

For the youngsters in the room, he’ll be blamed for outing Santa Clause.

So what’s the guy to do? He’s already doing it.

The Fed is unraveling its plans to buy a whopping $1.25 trillion worth of mortgage-backed securities and $200 billion worth of other mortgage-related notes.

By March, the Fed’s massive buying spree will be over, once again letting the markets deal with a massive amount of very “un-transparent” securities. The same lion that brought the bull down is once again about to be un-caged, hungrier than ever.

If you thought the market had a hard time swallowing so many mortgage defaults, wait until $1.45 trillion dollars runs straight into 10% unemployment and a real estate market worth a fraction of what it was even a year ago.

And here’s the kicker, just by refraining from hitting the “buy” button, Bernanke effectively raises mortgage rates by as much as 100 basis points.

Let’s see… 10% unemployment, a weakened currency, deflating home prices and inflating borrowing costs. It’s a recipe for disaster.

At least Bernanke gets to keep his job and he gets the keen realization that he would not be in this bind if he never would have meddled with the markets in the first place.

We all knew the day would come when the Fed had to clean up its mess. That day has come.

***As if the markets have not shown enough contempt for government intervention, Uncle Sam is once again trying to throw sand into the gears and cogs of American business.

This time they want us to pay workers for not showing up to the job.

Thanks to a representative from California (there’s a surprise), legislation is working its way through Capitol Hill that would force employers to pay an employee for up to five days worth of sick leave if the worker is diagnosed with ANY infectious disease.

The rational side of my brain says there is absolutely no way this is going to make it the White House. The harm it would do to production is simply too immense to deny, even by politicians.

But the irrational side of me can already imagine the last-minute phone calls. “Sorry boss. I can’t flip burgers today. Got herpes. See you on Friday to get paid.”

Gotta love where we are headed.

Investors must be pondering the future.

What will the future look like? No one knows. But investors thought they saw things they liked.

For one thing, there was the Federal Reserve governor from New York, who told the world that there was no risk of a rate hike anytime soon. Bill Dudley knows which way the wind is blowing. He said the Fed would hold money policy loose “indefinitely.”

Indefinitely is otherwise known as “as long as it takes.”

But as long as it takes for what? Ah…as long as it takes until the economy appears strong again.

How long will that be? Ah…maybe longer than anyone realizes.

Yesterday, we were calculating how long it would take to get the jobless number back down to ’90s levels…that is, around 5%. There are now about 131 million jobs in the United States…and about 15 million people who would like a job but can’t find one. Meanwhile, population growth adds about 1.5 million new workers every year. That means the economy has to grow at 1% (in real terms) just to stay even with population growth. Currently, the economy is going in the wrong direction – backwards. It’s losing jobs…maybe 3 million this year…and maybe another 2 million or so before it finally stabilizes (who knows?)…for a total of 20 million jobs down (about 13% unemployment) by the time unemployment bottoms out.

Let’s suppose, by some miracle, the economy turns around…and begins growing at 3% per year. That should be about 3 million new jobs per year. Half of those, remember, are just to keep up with population growth. So the other half – 1.5 million – gradually reduce unemployment. Now, let’s get out the calculator…20 million divided by 1.5 million equals a little more than 13. By these numbers you can expect full employment again in 2022!

But what if the economy doesn’t grow at 3% per year? Ooooh…that’s the problem, isn’t it? All the feds – and practically all other economists too – are projecting a return to normal. They expect a ‘recovery.’ But what if there never is a recovery?

Heck, yesterday, the central bank of Australia said it was so sure that everything was going well it raised its key lending rate by 25 basis points.

“Canberra says risk of serious retraction over,” The Financial Times reports.

But they get a lot of sunshine down under. Possibly, the heads of the Reserve Bank of Australia got a little too much of it yesterday. Australia is also a supplier of natural resources to China; possibly, the sun burnt bankers failed to notice that China is a bubble.

Or maybe they failed to notice that China’s biggest customer is broke.

Right under The Financial Times’ article about Australia is the following headline:

“No sign of credit revival for US households.”

“The latest data from the Federal Reserve show consumer credit declined at an annual rate of 10.4% in July – the fastest rate since the crisis began two years ago.”

Yes, dear reader, Americans are shedding debt. They are cutting back. They are saving.

Another headline in The Financial Times tells us, “Holiday sales [are] set to fall.”

Hold on. Who makes all that junk that Americans buy for Christmas? And how can China buy more raw materials from Australia when it is selling fewer finished products to Americans?

Perhaps China is focusing more sales on the domestic market; we don’t doubt it. But you don’t refocus the world’s second or third largest economy in 12 months. It takes years. And you don’t get this kind of rebirth without some kind of suffering. The big, old oak tree has to fall down before the sapling can take its place. And when the oak falls – it makes one helluva mess.

Meanwhile, President Obama is adding more gin to the party punch. He says he’s considering ways to create more jobs without a new stimulus program. Among the schemes under consideration is a $3,000 new job tax credit.

Hey, why not! They had such great success with the Clunker tax credit…and with the first time house buyer tax credit. Of course, when you pay people to do things, you can’t be too surprised that they do them. And then, you can’t be too surprised when they stop doing them after you stop paying them. Thus, when the Clunkers program conked out in August car buyers stopped buying. And when the new house purchase tax credit expires in November, don’t be surprised if house sales collapse too. So, if the feds are going to pay people to hire other people, they better be prepared to do it for a long time.

Which brings us back to our calculations. How long will it be before this economy can walk without the feds clutching both arms? A few months ago, we wondered how long it would take consumers to put their finances back in order. Five years? Ten years? There are so many assumptions required that the numbers barely make sense. Still, if you think the total debt burden is headed back to under 200% of GDP, where it was for most of the last century, that would require the elimination of debt equal to about 160% of GDP…or more than $20 trillion worth. How do you eliminate debt? Well, some of it simply disappears…through defaults, foreclosures and bankruptcies. The rest is paid off. How? By saving. Now, imagine that the United States could put an amount equal to 15% of GDP to work paying down its debts. That’s savings and capital formation of all types – corporate as well as individual. It ignores government, which is going in the other direction. At 15% of GDP per year, paying America’s private debt down to under 2 times annual output is still about a 7-year project.

So, prepare for a long dry spell. In the best of cases, the American public has to stay on the frugality wagon for 7 to 13 years.

And in the worst of cases? Oh, well…that’s a different matter. The aforementioned US government is desperate to short-circuit the process of balance sheet repair. It is propping up the old tree every way it can. Thus, the whole period of adjustment may take much, much longer than it should. Instead of coming down with a crash, the limbs fall off one at a time. At this rate, the whole process could take nearly forever.

As the private sector eliminates debt, for example, the feds add it. The deficits are scheduled – by the Congressional Budget Office – to be monstrous, but controllable. Cash for clunkers, cash for houses, cash for jobs – it adds up. But the CBO projections are based on very optimistic assumptions, in which the economy ‘recovers’ quickly and grows strongly. They do not take into account the real nature of the slump. It is not a pause…it is a permanent change. The Obama administration cannot, ultimately, prevent change. But it can slow down the process so much that the depression begins to seem eternal.

Until tomorrow,

Bill Bonner

Source: The Eternal Depression

Good day… And a Terrific Tuesday to you! A Tuesday morning that is seeing a HUGE currency rally VS the dollar on the news that the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) opted to go ahead and hike rates now, and not wait for November’s meeting, as I had thought they would do! WOW!

The first hike… It has opened Pandora’s Box of interest rate hikes around the world… For, if the RBA went this soon, then we can expect Norway’s Norges Bank to push their rate hike earlier on the calendar, maybe even later this month! And they won’t be the only ones! Look for New Zealand to hike rates this year, and who knows what other country (Brazil?) will follow after that… But I see them coming, and they’re marching the death march of the dollar!

OK, that was a little dramatic, while I don’t believe, although I have more doubts every day, that the dollar would collapse to nothing, I do believe it has a long way to go when it comes to weakening. How else will the U.S. pay pack their debts in the future? It sure won’t be because of a cut in Gov’t Spending! That is… Unless all this deficit spending can be reversed and Gov’t is cut (in size) to resemble something from 50 years ago! But, that’s like asking for the moon and sky, eh?

Let’s get back to the Aussie rate hike, that’s more exciting and upbeat than talking about what’s going to be needed in the future here in the U.S! The statement that followed the RBA rate hike, was very upbeat… So… I totally expect another rate hike next month from the RBA!

OK… The dollar’s weakness this morning isn’t all due to the Aussie rate hike, and prospects for other rate hikes around the world… In 2001 I wrote a white paper called, “The Demise of the Dollar”… This was the thesis for all the things I talk about almost daily regarding the reasons the dollar would got into a secular bear market… And this was one year, let me repeat that, one year, BEFORE the dollar entered into a weak dollar trend in Feb of 2002!

The reason I bring this up here in 2009, is that there is an article in the U.K. Independent that’s making the rounds, that’s called… “The Demise of the dollar”! This report though is about secret meetings with the Gulf Arabs along with China, Russia, Japan and France, and they are planning to end dollar dealings for oil, moving instead to a basket of currencies including the Japanese yen and Chinese yuan, the euro, gold and a new, unified currency planned for nations in the Gulf Co-operation Council, including Saudi Arabia, Abu Dhabi, Kuwait and Qatar.

Secret meetings have already been held by finance ministers and central bank governors in Russia, China, Japan and Brazil to work on the scheme, which will mean that oil will no longer be priced in dollars.

Uh-Oh… That’s serious stuff folks… And that death march I talked about above? Well, if this story is true, that death march just became much louder!

Right now, however, the markets are not taking the story hook, line and sinker, just yet… Yes, the dollar has been sold, but not like you would think, if traders had taken the story to heart… I think some digestion time needs to be had first… I mean the currency traders had the first rate hike and then this story on their plates all at one meal… That’s a lot to digest! And Besides.. The Saudi Bank Gov. is denying that any of these meetings took place… Of course to conspiracy buffs like me, that’s akin to saying, “These meetings DID take place, and we’re just covering up the evidence” HA!

Now… Some might be cursing these countries right now, for dealing this rumored blow to the dollar… But, it’s not like the dollar didn’t have it coming! The Deficit Spending… For instance, is one thing that people that “know better” realize that the U.S. will not be able to climb out from under the deficit rock… And those knuckleheads who said “Deficits don’t matter”? Well… I’ve said this many times before, but I can’t talk about the Deficits don’t matter crowd without talking about how these people remind me of a guy… He’s standing on top of the Empire State Building, and decides to jump off… As he passes the 56th floor, he says… “So far… So good!”

Well, unfortunately for our “Deficits don’t matter” guy falling to the ground, the sidewalk is coming at him very quickly now…

And here’s another thing that should just tick you off to no end, but you have to think that the people that have loaned us money, are wondering if they’ll ever get paid back… What I’m talking about here is the story from yesterday, regarding the TARP funds… You might want to sit down for this one folks…

Neil Barofsky, the special inspector general for the Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP), says that despite multiple statements on Oct. 14 of last year that these nine banks were healthy and only receiving government funds for the good of the country’s economy, federal officials knew otherwise. He went on to say that “the Treasury Dept. and the Federal Reserve lied to the American public last fall when they said the first nine banks to receive government bailout funds were healthy.”

That’s right… They LIED TO US! Now, doesn’t that just tick you off? It sure ticks me off!

So… You can see some of the reasons the countries mentioned above might be thinking about removing the dollar as the pricing mechanism when it comes to oil…

OK… We started up beat, then got brought down, let’s get back to upbeat! Hey! How about Gold? When I turned on the screen this morning, Gold was $1,020! You would think that even if the U.K. Independent story is just a rumor, that Gold would gain on the rumors…

I read a story last night, while waiting for the so-called “Epic Battle” between the Vikings and Packers on Monday Night Football, that one analyst was of the belief that Gold was about to return to its link to the price of Oil… Hmmm… Well, I personally hope that’s not the case, as I certainly don’t want to see the price of Oil rise to the levels I think Gold is going to rise to!

Yesterday, I did a presentation on the DTI network… (I had given you all the link to it last week) My power point presentation didn’t work, so I had to just “wing it” (yeah, like talking for 30 minutes on how we got here, what’s going on, and why one needs the power of portfolio diversification was difficult for me! HA!) I think they want me to come back next week… DTI educates investors / traders/ and people that just want to know how the markets work, so it’s all for a good cause, because… An educated investor, is a good investor!

OK… Let’s see… OH! I wanted to talk about this yesterday and totally forgot, but it’s not too late today to talk about it…

One thing that we’ll begin to see this month is the earnings season…
You might recall that in previous quarter ends I thought that stocks would get taken to the woodshed, because of lousy earnings, only to be surprised at the earnings that were posted… But trying not to be the boy who cried wolf, I’ll once again say that I just don’t see the earnings to support stock prices. This time I think we’ll see that the method used in previous quarters by Corporations to produce the earnings was cost cutting… One would have to think that the Corporations have cut to the bone… And now, we’ll get to the cheese that binds for earnings… A lack of revenue…

I really liked the reaction of the non-dollar currencies, led by the Aussie dollar, after the RBA rate hike… It was like “old days”… Uh-Oh, I have a song in my head… “Old days Good times I remember, Fun days, Filled with simple pleasures, Drive-in movies, Comic books and blue jeans, Howdy doody, Baseball cards and birthdays, Take me back, To a world gone away,
Memories, Seem like yesterday….

Yes, the “old days”… Well, in this case I was talking about currencies trading on “Fundamentals” not stupid trading themes, not flights to safety, not deleveraging, but plain and simple fundamentals, things that ordinary people, like me, can understand, and place a value on a currency based on the fundamentals!

But… We’ve not really seen a fundamental trend since July of 2008… However, if we begin to see the rate hikes that I think we’ll begin to see, it could be the harbinger of a return to fundamentals… And that, my friends, and dear readers would be like manna from heaven for your Pfennig writer!

Well… Since I came in this morning, Gold has gained $5 more, to $1,025! Looks like the all-time high of $1,033.90 that came in March of 2008, could be in jeopardy… My love’s in jeopardy, baby… Oooh, ooh, ooh, ooh…

Maybe Gold moving higher can get Silver going too! My friend, the Mogambo Guru, reported yesterday that silver analyst, Ted Butler, reports that in the last 10 months, “some 150 million ounces of silver can easily be documented to have been bought by investors.
Undocumented purchases would add tens of millions more ounces.”

In fact, when you add it all up, “Investment demand for silver this year is running at a full 25% of world mine production and over 20% of total production (including recycling). This is a remarkable historical turnabout.”

Chuck here… Back from a trip to the Mogambo’s letter… I just love the way the Mogambo ends his letter each week… He talks about how people should be buying Gold, Silver, and Oil, and then says… “Hey! This investing stuff is easy! Whee!”

OK… To recap… The RBA did raise rates 25 BPS last night, and sounded quite upbeat in their after rate hike statement. Look for other countries to follow now that Pandora’s Box of rate hikes has been opened. There’s a story going around about countries banding together to remove the dollar as the pricing mechanism for Oil trades… It’s being denied, but there’s smoke… And you know what I say when there’s smoke… And Gold is pushing the envelope on its all-time high of $1,033.90…

Currencies today 10/6/09: A$ .8875, kiwi .7355, C$ .9395, euro 1.4730, sterling 1.59, Swiss .9745, rand 7.4230, krone 5.6920, SEK 6.97, forint 181.15, zloty 2.8370, koruna 17.3360, RUB 29.81, yen 89, sing 1.4025, HKD 7.75, INR 46.99, China 6.8263, pesos 13.56, BRL 1.7593, dollar index 76.35, Oil $71.13, 10-year 3.22%, Silver $16.99, and Gold… $1,025.45

That’s it for today… Hope your Tuesday is Terrific!

Chuck Butler

Source: RBA Raises Rates!

U.S. Federal Reserve Chairman Ben S. Bernanke and Congress agreed Friday that the financial system – not the American taxpayer – should bear the costs of bank bailouts. Sheila Bair, head of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. (FDIC), wants the banks to ante up $45 billion – three years’ worth of deposit-insurance premiums – to bail out the fund that insures bank deposits.

When it comes to bank stocks, we all know that there were a number of Money Morning readers shrewd enough to buy Citigroup Inc. (NYSE: C) shares when the foundering giant’s stock price was below $1 a share.

If you’re one of those investors, good for you: With Citi’s shares now trading at nearly $4.70 a share, that shrewdness – or courage – has been amply rewarded.

But the question we have to ask at this point is: Why would anyone buy banks stocks right now?

Bailouts Revisited

When the Bush administration bailed out the banks last autumn, I opposed the bailout. But I understood the rationale for it. The Lehman Brothers Holdings Inc. (OTC: LEHMQ) bankruptcy had clearly done a lot of damage to market confidence. Thus, a series of high-profile failures – however well merited – could push the market into a behavioral funk that might take years to emerge from.

After all, as we were incessantly reminded, the banks were all intimately inter-connected – not in the least by the diabolical credit-default-swap market. So a big failure could trigger a mass-market meltdown.

That justified the immediate bailout back then. But it did not justify the continued existence of those banks and other financial institutions – especially Citi, Bank of America Corp. (NYSE: BAC) and insurance giant American International Group Inc. (NYSE: AIG) – a year after the bailout.

Even if there was an argument for preventing the immediate meltdown of those companies – to prevent panic – there was no good argument for allowing them to continue in business as zombies, distorting the market forever after. An orderly liquidation was what was really needed.

But if the plans called for these three bad actors to be liquidated, it should surely be happening by now. Two of the three have even kept their top management for the intervening year. The exception has been BofA, where Chief Executive Officer Ken Lewis is now being shoved – kicking and screaming – toward the exit. (However, I have no doubt he’ll end up being well rewarded for the indignity).

Japan’s ‘Lost Decade’

Economically, keeping banks and other companies alive after they should be dead is the mistake Japan made back in the 1990s. After Japan’s massive stock market meltdown, most of the banks were technically insolvent. A decline in the value of the stocks the banks held had gnawed away their capital, while their assets were shredded by the collapse in the value of their real-estate loans.

Despite this, Japan opted to prop up many insolvent companies, which kept the country’s entire banking system on life support until 1998 – hence the “Lost Decade” of financial legend. And a true resolution of the problem did not come until it was forced by Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi in 2003. The result was more than a decade of economic stagnation and a mountain of public debt that actually exceeded 200% of gross domestic product (GDP).

For the banks themselves, the fallout can be even worse.

An ‘Artificial’ Market

At first blush, the profits of the last few months look pretty good. And the record bonuses being threatened on Wall Street suggest that all is fine. However, there are two problems. First, bank earnings have been propped up by an extraordinarily bank-friendly monetary policy, keeping short-term interest rates at close to zero and buying up more than $1.5 trillion of bad bank loans from the markets.

That simply can’t last. If it does, we’ll end up with a bad case of hyperinflation.

As for the bonuses, does anybody think that if Citi had gone bust, and ex-Citibankers were now selling apples on the street corners of New York, bonuses would be zooming so high?

If the market for overpaid bankers had been allowed to clear properly, they would no longer be overpaid.

If the Japan’s Nomura Securities (NYSE ADR: NMR) wanted to double its U.S. staff, as it announced Monday (an extraordinarily shareholder-hostile decision, given Nomura’s lousy U.S. track record), it could just lean out of its office and whistle, and a parade of ex-Citibankers, ex-AIG executives and ex-BofA execs would rush in, begging for scraps.

It appears that the concerns that Soros expressed are well justified.

A Grim Reaping For Bank Investors

Since there are more competitors in the market than there should be, once the Fed’s over-generous monetary policy is corrected, there will be too much competition, so bank profits will be squeezed. Conversely, there will be too many jobs in the industry, so banker pay scales will be artificially propped up.

If that’s a recipe for good shareholder returns, I’m a Dutchman.

There’s more. The populist fury against the banking system doesn’t look like it’s doing much about banker pay. However, it will almost certainly result in special extra taxes being levied on surviving banks, to pay for the bailouts.

The costs of those taxes will be passed through to shareholders, because competition from all the zombies that are still in business will prevent banker pay from being squeezed much. The extra levies that Bair, the FDIC chief, is employing to keep the deposit-insurance fund solvent also will fall on banks, although in this case it will be the small and medium-sized that will suffer the worst.

Squeezed profits, expensive staff, extra taxes and special FDIC levies – it doesn’t look to me as if there will be much left for bank shareholders.

Expect 2010 to be a grim year for them.

Source: Hidden Traps Make Bank Stocks a Bad Deal

On one hand, the $130 billion he spent on acquisitions – FleetBoston Financial Corp., MBNA Corp., LaSalle Bank Corp., Countrywide Financial Corp., Charles Schwab Corp.’s (Nasdaq: SCHW) U.S. Trust private banking unit and Merrill Lynch – that more than tripled the size of Bank of America, making it the largest U.S. lender both by assets and deposits.

On the other, his open-wallet policy and the example it set forth almost perfectly encapsulates the boom, bust and nascent rebound of the U.S. housing and banking crisis – which later became the financial plague that devastated markets all over the world.

In the second half of 2007, the extent of the U.S. housing crisis began to crystallize when Countrywide’s freewheeling subprime-lending policy irreversibly sank the nation’s largest home lender. Lewis moved in and acquired the troubled lender for $4 billion the following January, and in doing so, he put Bank of America on the hook for Countrywide $1.5 trillion loan portfolio.

In the second half of 2008, the extent of the how much havoc the destruction of investment banks and brokerage firms would wreak upon the world became clear. The vortex of it was Sept. 15, the day the Lehman Brothers Holdings Inc. (OTC: LEHMQ) declared bankruptcy and Bank of America agreed to pay $29 billion for world’s largest brokerage firm, Merrill Lynch, which probably would have failed had it not found a partner.

Lewis’ spending got Bank of America into this mess. The question now is whether continued  spending – using the $45 billion bailout courtesy of the U.S. Treasury’s Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP) – will get BofA out of it.

And Lewis seems to acknowledge both in the news release announcing his voluntary departure.

“Bank of America is well positioned to meet the continuing challenges of the economy and markets,” Lewis said. “We are in position to begin to repay the federal government’s TARP investments. For these reasons, I decided now is the time to begin to transition to the next generation of leadership at Bank of America.”

Lewis naturally defends his actions just as much as critics chide him for them.

“Their loan portfolio is horrible looking and it’s not going to be easy for them,” Mike Williams, research director at Gradient Analytics in Scottsdale, Arizona, said in a Bloomberg News interview before Lewis announced his departure. “They would have been better off without the Merrill and Countrywide acquisitions over the next few years.”

Money Morning Contributing Editor Martin Hutchinson, a leading banking expert, says that Bank of America has a very difficult journey ahead of it.

“Lewis followed [predecessor CEO Hugh] McColl’s strategy of expanding BofA by acquisition,” he said. “The trouble is that his last 2 deals were both lousy. Countrywide was at the epicenter of all that was bad about housing finance, and that was obvious in January 2008, when he bought it. Just a terrible deal.”

In fact, Hutchinson believes there’s only one viable option for Bank of America.

“BofA will have to be broken up, but may need to be sorted out by a liquidator/ the government,” he said.

Spinning Merrill

The Merrill merger was perhaps the defining moment in Lewis’ tenure, and he Lewis has played the victim and hero of the saga.

Lewis testified that U.S. Federal Reserve Chairman Ben S. Bernanke and former U.S. Treasury Secretary Henry M. “Hank” Paulson Jr. pressured him not only to move ahead with a merger with Merrill Lynch despite reservations, but also to stay quiet about the mounting losses at the crumbling investment bank.

And in a note to employees announcing his departure, he took credit for the fact that Merrill has contributed 24% to the Bank of America’s first-half profit, boosted trading and investment-banking revenue, Bloomberg reported.

“I am gratified that even some of the critics of our acquisition of Merrill Lynch have come to acknowledge how well the deal is working out for our clients,” Lewis wrote. “This journey has been a rocky one and not for the faint of heart, but perseverance is paying off.”

But to the rest of the world, Lewis was most often seen sitting under the hot light of probes by Congress, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and New York’s attorney general all trying to determine if Lewis misled investors about Merrill’s losses and bonuses.

And even if shareholders agreed with Lewis’ decisions, they didn’t prefer him to be the company’s face. In April, shareholders voted 50.34% in favor of stripping Lewis of his chairman title.

Changing of the Guard

When Lewis steps down from his post Dec. 31, he joins the ranks of fellow financial firm executives – James Cayne of The Bear Stearns Cos., Charles Prince of Citigroup Inc. (NYSE: C), Stanley O’Neal of Merrill, Kennedy Thompson of Wachovia and Richard Fuld of Lehman Brothers, John Thain of  Merrill Lynch – that resigned, many in disgrace, either during or in the aftermath of the global financial crisis.

Among the survivors, Lloyd Blankfein, CEO of Goldman Sachs Group Inc. (NYSE: GS), and Jamie Dimon, CEO of JPMorgan Chase & Co. (NYSE: JPM).

Bank of America said it will find a replacement by Lewis’ last day, and media outlets have already began making lists of possible successors.

Among the names frequently mentioned:

• Brian Moynihan, head of Bank of America’s consumer and small business banking unit.
• Sallie Krawcheck, former Citigroup Inc. (NYSE: C) CFO and president of Bank of America’s global wealth and investment management unit.
• Tom Montag, former Merrill executive and head of Bank of America’s corporate and investment banking unit.

An outsider might well be the best choice, says Money Morning’s Hutchinson.

Lewis is “leaving a company that no human being could manage, with vast problems, and far too broad a franchise,” Hutchinson said. “North Carolina retail bankers haven’t a clue how to run a top international investment bank like Merrill and vice versa. There’s nobody available to succeed him that can do the job.”

Source: Boom, Bust and Rebuild: Bank of America and the Kenneth Lewis Legacy