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Credit Crisis Update: Proposed Bailout Faces Opposition

Jennifer Yousfi — Wed, 24 Sep 2008 14:36:52 +0000

As the ongoing effects of the capital markets credit crisis continues to be felt, US government financial leaders have urged Congress to make a speedy intervention, says Jennifer Yousfi in Morning Morning. Foreign banks capitalized on US distress by snapping up assets at bargain prices.

U.S. markets sank yesterday (Tuesday) as a quick turnaround on the proposed bailout legislation seemed less and less likely as criticism for Paulson’s plan in its current form became more widespread.

At the New York close, all three major U.S. indices had reversed early morning gains to head into the red. The blue-chip Dow Jones Industrial Average Index posted a loss of 161.52 points (-1.47%), closing at 10,854.17. The tech-laden Nasdaq Composite Index dropped 25.64 points (-1.18%), to 2,153.34. And the broader Standard & Poor’s 500 Index lost 18.87 points (-1.56%), to settle at 1,188.22.

U.S. Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson and U.S. Federal Reserve Chairman Ben S. Bernanke both testified before Congress yesterday to urge lawmakers to quickly approve the proposed $700 billion government banking bailout plan.

The two financial pointmen of the bailout plan both testified in favor of the proposed legislation before the Senate Banking Committee. Paulson’s $700 billion bailout plan, unveiled over the weekend, has been criticized for the sweeping new powers it affords the Treasury department with little congressional or judiciary oversight.

Speaking of his plan to stabilize the financial markets, Paulson said, “We must do so in order to avoid a continuing series of financial institution failures and frozen credit markets that threaten American families’ financial well-being, the viability of businesses both small and large, and the very health of our economy.”

Paulson went on to say that while the roots of the current financial crisis go back many years, the government must act now to save not only Wall Street, but Main Street as well. If left unchecked, the current financial crisis “would threaten all parts of our economy,” the Treasury Secretary said. In a rare departure from his prepared remarks, Bernanke urged Congress to not only pass the proposed bailout legislation in its current form, but to pay above market value for distressed financial assets.

“Accounting rules require banks to value many assets at something close to a very low fire-sale price rather than the hold-to-maturity price,” Bernanke said in his unscripted testimony before the Senate Banking Committee, Bloomberg News reported. “If the Treasury bids for and then buys assets at a price close to the hold-to-maturity price, there will be substantial benefits.”

Bernanke said paying a premium for the bad assets that could no longer be sold on the open market would help “unfreeze” the credit markets and boost the U.S. economy.

Congressional Critics

But legislators seemed reluctant to rubber stamp Paulson’s barebones $700 billion bailout plan.

Many Democrats balked at granting such far-reaching powers to the Treasury Department without further Congressional or Judiciary oversight.

Senate Banking Committee Chairman Christopher Dodd, a Democrat from Connecticut, on Tuesday called the language in the plan “so troubling” and said it “cannot last” as part of the legislation, NPR reported.

One outspoken critic of the plan went so far as to take out a full-page ad in The New York Times likening Paulson’s plan to communism.

The ad shows Paulson, Bernanke and President George Bush raising a flag with the familiar communist symbols of a hammer and sickle with tombstones reading “private enterprise” and “capitalism” in the background.

“They are raising the new flag,” said Bill Perkins, the Houston-based venture capitalist who paid for the ad in a telephone interview with Reuters. “We’ve become a socialist-communist country in the form of trickle-down communism.”

Even some Republicans are voicing their opposition, calling for executive compensation caps for firms that benefit from the proposed plan. But the administration, along with Paulson and Bernanke are urging a speedy passage to the bill in its current form.

“I fully feel the urgency. But the truth is, we have to be given the time to do this right, or you’ll be up here in a year or two asking for another $100 billion or more,” Democratic Sen. Jon Tester of Montana told Paulson on Tuesday.

Wall Street Bargain Bonanza

While politicians and pundits debate the merits and flaws of the government’s proposed bailout, one foreign firm was taking decisive action to capitalize on the credit crisis.

Nomura Holdings Inc. (ADR: NMR), Japan’s second-largest bank, continued its buying spree of Lehman Brothers Holdings Inc. assets (OTC: LEHMQ) at rock-bottom prices. Nomura picked up Lehman’s Asia holdings on Monday and now can add Lehman’s Europe and Middle East operations to its list of acquisitions from the bankrupt Wall Street investment bank.

Nomura did not disclose the purchase price for Lehman’s equity and security operations, saying only the figure was “nominal.” After having paid just $225 million for Lehman’s Asia-Pacific holdings, it is all but certain Japan’s largest securities firm got a good deal in Europe as well.

The Good News About the Housing Crash

John Stepek — Mon, 16 Jun 2008 15:52:16 +0000

Why housebuilders are demanding state hand-outs… More hilarity in the housing industry this weekend. Builders are now demanding state help. As housing sales have collapsed, the construction industry faces mass redundancies, while house builders themselves have seen their share prices dive.

Many look like they’ll have to find more capital to shore up their balance sheets, and there was much speculation in the weekend papers about investment banks ganging up behind the scenes to prop the sector up.

With housing sales in freefall, builders aren’t building anymore. It now looks as though just 100,000 homes will be built this year compared to a Government target of 240,000. That would be the lowest number built since 1945.

David Sutherland, chairman of housebuilder Tulloch, tells The Telegraph: “The UK housing target does not have a cat in hell’s chance of being met this year or next. Somebody at central government needs to do something.”

Two questions immediately arise in response to this plea. “What can the Government do?” and “Why should anything be done?”

Housebuilders are calling for government aid now that the housing market has gone into self-destruct mode. The Home Builders Federation is calling for stamp duty to be suspended and interest rates to be cut.

Sales are down 60% on this time last year, says Roger Humber of the House Builders Association. “No business or industry can survive that.”

The housebuilders are indeed facing terrible times ahead. They’ve had their boom – a boom never seen before, the likes of which they could never have dreamed of. Now they’re having the bust that was always certain to follow that boom. Just as the boom was better than they could have hoped, so the bust will be worse than they’d ever imagined.

This is why housebuilders usually trade on low price to earnings ratios, by the way. It’s because they are so brutally cyclical. Once the market turns, it turns badly, and the ‘e’ part of the p/e ratio drops off a cliff.

When activity drops off, the builders find they are left with assets plunging in value (their land banks) and they have to rapidly lay off workers to slash costs as sales dry up.

So – no surprise that they now want someone to save them.

But this is capitalism, remember? This is the way it works. Throughout the boom, no one in the property industry was particularly keen to have the state intervening in the market any more than it already does. Home Information Packs (HIPs) for example, which started out as a broadly sensible idea, were ripped apart by the property industry until they were introduced in their current, worse than useless, state.

More to the point, there’s nothing the Government can do. Stamp duty cuts? House prices are falling by about 2% a month at the moment. That’s your stamp duty right there. Interest rate cuts? In case the builders hadn’t noticed, rates have already fallen by three quarters of a point, and it hasn’t made a bit of difference.

That’s because banks still aren’t keen to lend. There’s been a curious reaction to this in the press recently. One leading property writer seems to be blaming Halifax among others for the seizure in the housing market, complaining that they are causing the house price crash by refusing to lend to creditworthy borrowers. Meanwhile, in The Telegraph, a reader’s letter cites amazement at banks greedily ignoring the BoE’s interest rate cuts.

It’s important to understand that the banks aren’t doing this out of spite or greed. This is not a matter of simply persuading them to start dishing out the readies again. The banks – for anyone who didn’t notice Northern Rock or Bradford & Bingley’s travails – are undergoing a bit of a crisis themselves. Halifax parent HBoS is right now crossing its fingers for its £4bn rights issue, while Royal Bank of Scotland has just raised £12bn.

To put it bluntly, the banks are skint. They gave too much money to people who couldn’t pay it back, and now they’re paying for it. They need all the money they can get. They don’t care how good a credit risk you are – they simply aren’t in a position to be as profligate as they were before.

Sure, it’s their own fault they got into this mess. But if you want to blame the banks for their reluctance to lend now, you also have to acknowledge that they were wrong to have been so free and easy with the credit in the first place. And that’s something I suspect most property pundits would be reluctant to admit.

Anyway – back to the point in hand. There’s nothing the Government can do – short of actually giving the housebuilders money (don’t rule it out) – to save the construction companies.

The good news is that with the free and easy access to credit that created the boom in the first place now gone, house prices will settle back to a level that genuinely reflects supply and demand. And with builders unable to build more houses (bye-bye to Gordon Brown’s eco-towns, thank goodness), and foreign workers heading off back home in their droves, we’ll soon see just how much of a housing shortage Britain really has.

I think we’ll find it’s less of a problem than the bulls have been making out.

Turning to the wider markets…

The FTSE 100 recovered on Friday to rise 12 points to 5,802. HBoS was the biggest riser along with other banks as investors closed out short positions.

Meanwhile, in Europe, the German Xetra Dax climbed 50 to 6,765, while in Paris the French CAC 40 rose 10 points to close at 4,682.

In the US on Friday, stocks made strong gains as inflation data was in line with expectations and the dollar continued to rally. The Dow Jones rose 165 points to 12,307. The S&P 500 climbed 20 points to 1,360. And the Nasdaq rose 50 points to end at 2,454.

In the forex markets today, sterling was trading at 1.953 against the dollar and 1.2677 against the euro. The dollar stood at 0.6493 against the euro and 108.31 against the Japanese yen.

In Japan, stocks were higher as the weaker yen boosted earnings at car and electronics manufacturers. The Nikkei 225 climbed 380 points to close at 14,354.

Brent spot was trading this morning at $133.70, while in New York crude was trading at around $134.10. Spot gold was at $867 an ounce. Silver was trading at $16.49, while platinum was at $2,019.

This morning, Barclays’ share price has risen after it said that it is actively considering selling shares to prop up its balance sheet. Profit for May was “well ahead” of last year’s figure. Reports at the weekend suggest that any money raised would come both from sales to sovereign wealth funds and to existing investors.

Source: The Good News About the Housing Crash