This from The Sovereign Society:

It’s often the case that the most important news isn’t what’s happening in the world today, but what’s not happening in the world today. Case in point; President-elect Obama’s constantly growing stimulus is not driving the market upward.

Going back to the Fall of 2007, the Fed’s interest rate cuts served as an immediate boost that pushed the markets higher. As planned, these infusions of credit helped to boost market confidence and morale…even if only for a few days or weeks.

Their effect lessened and lessened as time went on…and the boost from December’s rate cut only lasted a few sessions before being gobbled up by market uncertainty. Now, President-elect Obama is pulling out literally all of the stops in declarations about his planned stimulus…

A few states looking for a few hundred billion quickly grew into a US$1 trillion stimulus package. And the US$1 trillion stimulus package quickly grew into multiple years of US$1 trillion budget deficits. 1.5 million new jobs balloons to 4 million new jobs…but the stock market doesn’t even flinch.

What gives? With what seems like a promise to write blank checks, infusing seemingly unlimited amounts of credit into the flagging economy, why isn’t Obama’s stimulus effort gaining any short-term traction in the marketplace?

It’s a (Liquidity) Trap!!

In monetary economics, a ‘liquidity trap’ happens when a Central Bank’s nominal interest rate reaches zero and investors stop expecting significant returns on their financial and real investments…and start sitting in cash.

Think about it; cash only ever yields zero. But when the Fed’s interest rate hits zero, the same is true of short-term credit. The two are comparable in terms of reward…both yield zero. So there’s no incentive to take a risk and lend when you can expect the same returns from hoarding cash. This is true for both consumers and businesses, and it’s especially true when you account for the increasing default risk and general uncertainty that have become commonplace in today’s markets.

So in its efforts to stimulate the economy, the Fed is actually doing the exact opposite…slowing the economy by adding even more incentive to hoard cash in these troubling times.

As a result, the marketplace becomes resistant – if not outright immune – to further infusions of credit. Be it through trillions in deficit-spending “stimulus,” or the witchcraft of quantitative easing, the job of stimulating the economy after implementing a zero interest-rate policy becomes much, much more difficult.

And in light of recent news covering the precipitous drop in consumer demand, you’d be hard-pressed to find Obama’s planned stimulus showing any traction in the marketplace. Combined with the rising savings rate, the current freefall in consumer demand means disaster for corporate earnings and – in turn – share prices. This gradual realization will likely continue to offset any boost offered by Obama’s continued pep talks.

In reality, Obama’s pledge to make a new “New Deal” with the American people should be significantly boosting the economy. After all, the prevailing wisdom is that these kinds of policies helped us through the great depression. Those who were crossing their fingers for an “Obama Stimulus Rally” were almost spot-on…except they forgot about one thing.
The onerous burden of Central Bank policy.

No…it appears as though we won’t see a stimulus rally in January after all. And with any rally’s momentum deadened by the liquidity trap, one could reasonably expect that the market has reached its short-term peak.

Source: Federal Reserve Torpedoes Obama’s Stimulus Rally

This from The Daily Reckoning:

Global financial markets are acting as though the world is about to implode. Over the past four months, the investment community has dumped all assets; regardless of their underlying economic fundamentals. We have seen unbelievable wealth destruction on a global scale and trillions of dollars have evaporated and returned to monetary heaven.

The rate of decline has been astonishing and in the past twelve months, the Dow Jones Industrial Average (Dow) has seen its worst one-year performance – ever! It is interesting to observe that the Dow’s recent plunge has been even worse than the 1929 decline which preceded the Great Depression of the 1930’s (Figure 1). So, are we really witnessing the end of the world as we know it?

Regardless of the Armageddon fears prevalent today, I would argue that this slump may turn out to be a fantastic buying opportunity for the patient, long-term investor.

Now, the mainstream media seems to be convinced that our planet is headed into a permanent global depression and investor-sentiment certainly reflects this thought process. The same cheerleaders who, only a few months ago, were gleefully shouting about the emergence of a new global economy are now forecasting eternal disaster. Furthermore, investors are liquidating all assets as images of their children living in shanty towns fill their fearful minds. ‘Demand destruction’ and ‘de-leveraging’ have replaced ‘liquidity’ and ‘global growth’ as the new buzz-words. Stocks are down significantly from the highs, corporate bonds have taken a beating and even commodities (including precious metals) have joined the bear parade. And those who naively bought structured products from private banks have seen total losses. So, where do we go from here?

The best way to begin is by reiterating that global markets are now extremely oversold and undervalued, hence attractive. This may sound counter-intuitive but it is vital to understand that a decline of 40% in US stocks (and even more in some countries) has set the stage for fantastic long-term gains. If my assessment proves to be correct, investors who buy the unimpaired sectors today should make a fortune over the coming decade.

Remember, the best time to buy is when everyone is despondently selling. As John Templeton (founder of Templeton Funds) often said, “bull-markets are born on pessimism, grow on scepticism, mature on optimism and due on euphoria”. And you can be sure that the investment community is feeling extremely pessimistic and fearful today.

At present, a lot of ‘gloom and doom’ and ‘deflation’ chatter is doing the rounds in the mainstream media. The recent selling panic is frequently being described at the worst crisis since the Great Depression. However, this hype does not imply that the economic outlook is similar to the 1930’s. One of the biggest reasons why the Great Depression occurred was due to the failure or inability of the money-supply to expand in line with the need for this money.

Furthermore, the failure of roughly 5,000 banks did not help the situation either as millions of Americans lost their savings! In the current situation, however, various central banks and governments are throwing trillions of dollars into the monetary system and all bank deposits have been guaranteed. And if need be, the authorities will print money until the world runs out of trees. So, in my view, a prolonged deflationary phase or a global depression is not likely to happen.

The recent sharp declines in the markets can be attributed to the fact that two separate negative events caught the public’s attention at roughly the same time – depth of the financial crisis and fears of a US recession. Now, as far as the first issue is concerned, it is my belief that the worst is behind us. For sure, we may hear of sporadic bank busts in the months ahead, but the recent government guarantees prevented a total collapse of the banking system. For the record, I do not agree with the recent bail-outs because they are immoral and are going to cause huge inflation in the future. However, we all have to deal with reality and for now, it seems that the credit markets are starting to function again.

Our research reveals that currently US$3.5 trillion is sitting on the sidelines, waiting to be invested. And when investors deploy this cash into the markets, it will flow towards sectors which have been unharmed in this financial crisis. Now, I do not know about you, but apart from natural resources (where supply and demand imbalances persist) and industrials (which may benefit from massive government-sponsored infrastructure projects), I cannot find any other sector which has strong fundamentals. Housing faces severe over-supply, autos are struggling, banks will suffer due to over-regulation and consumer discretionary stocks will also fare poorly as the over-stretched public in the West tightens its belts.

The one sector of the economy which remains in excellent condition is commodities. Demand is holding firm, supplies of key resources are still tight and the ongoing credit crisis will only delay many projects which were previously meant to come online. This will create additional supply shortages in the future, thereby leading to much higher prices.

As far as precious metals are concerned, it is worth remembering that our world’s financial system has been hijacked by money-printers. Whether it is the Federal Reserve, Bank of England or the European Central Bank – they are all creating money ‘out of thin air’ and inflating the supply of paper currencies.

As this rampant inflation continues, what is astonishing though is that so many investors are being hoodwinked into believing that our world faces a genuine deflationary bust. These days, opinion is divided as to whether we will witness continuing inflation or gut-wrenching deflation. In my view, this discussion is absurd and deflation (or a contraction in the supply of money) is out of the question.

Banks are in the business of lending money and debt creation is essential for their very survival and prosperity. So, you can be sure that the modern-day money lenders will find a new way to further expand the supply of money and debt.

Whilst paper currencies (cash) regained some purchasing power in the past few months due to forced liquidation in the asset markets, there is no chance that they will maintain their value over the medium to long-term. History is littered with numerous paper currencies which became totally worthless and I suspect many of the current ones will also disappear. In fact, a remarkable study confirms that only 23% of paper currencies ever issued have survived the test of time! The vast majority were destroyed due to hyperinflation and are no longer in circulation.

Accordingly, I would urge investors to sit tight with their positions in hard assets (precious metals, energy and agriculture) and add more capital at such depressed levels. Under the best-case scenario, global markets bottomed out over the past two months and even if they did not, at the very least, we should get a multi-month rally in commodities and related stocks.

Source: The End of the World…Or the Right Time to Buy?

This from Taipan Daily:

Today I want to talk about the concept of monetary velocity. (I know, I know… monetary what? You’ll see the importance by the time we’re done.)

Let’s start with some background. In Wednesday’s Taipan Daily we noted that short-term interest rates have fallen to multi-year lows. The flip side of falling interest rates is rising bond prices. When bond prices rise, interest rates fall and vice versa.

This means investors and traders have an impact on interest rates through their buying and selling decisions. When investors pile into bonds, for example, they push bond prices up – and interest rates down.

We can see this by looking at a chart of the 2 year treasury note, which went into lift-off mode in mid-2007 (right around the time the credit crisis began).

As you likely know, investors are piling into U.S. treasuries now (particularly short-dated ones) because they are scared out of their wits and don’t know where else to go.

And right now they are scared of deflation.

The Dreaded “D” Word

For the month of October, the Wall Street Journal reports the Consumer Price Index (CPI) saw its largest single-month decline since World War II.

This dramatic drop has the word “Deflation” on everyone’s lips.

It’s quite the switch, actually. As recently as this summer, everyone was worried about Inflation.

Now, according to some estimates, use of the word “inflation” in the popular press has dropped by nearly a third… and use of the D word, deflation, has more than tripled in the past two months.

This is a head scratcher, especially in light of what we’ve been hammering on this past week. How can the markets be worried about deflation when the Fed is printing money like there’s no tomorrow?

Better still, how is it even possible to see the specter of deflation on the horizon when trillions of dollars are being pumped into the system?

To answer those questions, let’s delve into the concept of “monetary velocity.”

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Run, Rabbit, Run

Everyone knows about the basic concepts of inflation and deflation. They are often described in terms of supply and demand: inflation is “too much money chasing too few goods,” deflation is “not enough cash to go around,” and so on.

But it’s important, too, to recognize that the inflation/deflation equation depends not just on the quantity of money in the system, but also how fast that money is moving through the system. This is where monetary velocity comes in.

It’s a slightly challenging concept to explain – the best analogy I’ve found is a bit goofy, but it works. So here we go…

Imagine you’re standing in front of a large tree trunk. There is a brightly colored marker on the trunk, and there are rabbits running in circles around the tree itself. Every time a rabbit passes the marker on the trunk, you note it down on your clipboard: one X per pass.

Now let’s say you tally up your results and note you made twenty X’s in the space of 60 seconds. Assuming you had your reasons, how could you double the number of X’s in the same amount of time?

There are two ways you could double the number of X’s on your clipboard (to forty per minute in this case). You could increase the number of rabbits running around the tree… or you could go with the same number of rabbits and try to make them run faster.

(Remember, you don’t care if it’s the same rabbit or a different rabbit when you jot down your X. You’re just counting the number of passes.)

As you might have guessed, the rabbits are analogous to money in the system. Money that’s just there is inert… In order to have an affect on the economy, the money has to move.

So when money is “hot” and the rabbits are running at top speed, fewer rabbits are needed to fill up the clipboard with X’s. The rabbits speed around the tree very quickly – analogous to high turnover, or money changing hands very quickly.

When money is “cold,” on the other hand, the rabbits are lethargic, and you need more money (i.e. more rabbits) to get a decent number of X’s on the clipboard. If money stops changing hands entirely – as it seemed to have for a brief span in late September and early October – it’s like the rabbits coming to a dead stop. They aren’t moving at all.

So when the Fed pumps the system full of money, it’s the equivalent of dumping more and more rabbits into the equation. As the Fed gets desperate, maybe they round up dozens or even hundreds of rabbits.

But if all the rabbits are half comatose, the clipboard stays blank (or fills up much too slowly). The Fed’s efforts fail to have the desired effect.

So the upshot is that the Fed can have a direct impact on the quantity of money in the system, but not the velocity of money in the system. It can’t make the rabbits run.

You’re a Rabbit, I’m a Rabbit

The “rabbits” can also be thought of as entities that buy and borrow and lend – banks and businesses and consumers (like you and me). When banks refuse to lend and consumers stop buying and borrowing, monetary velocity goes down – even as the dollars in the system pile up.

Over the years you may have heard comments like, “The Fed has absolute control over the money supply.” That is misinformation. The Fed has zero control in some very important areas. What’s more, they don’t even have the tools to properly measure many of these areas.

When we talk about the velocity of money, for example, we’re not just talking about visible dollars. We’re talking about abstract concepts like people’s willingness to borrow and lend. That kind of thing is impossible to measure on any kind of precise basis.

For example, if five million Americans wake up tomorrow with a sense the world is okay and an urge to go buy something, then that cheery mindset will positively impact the velocity of money in the system – even though you can’t put “optimistic mindset” on a balance sheet.

Conversely, if five million Americans wake up fearful for the future and determined not to borrow another dime if they can help it, that translates into a negative impact. Again, there’s no way to precisely gauge these moods. We can only make rough guesstimates.

So why do we have a grim outlook for deflation right now, even as the printing press money piles up? Because monetary velocity has crashed. Bank balance sheet woes and consumer debt overhang are such that the new attitude towards buying, borrowing and lending – creating turnover, moving cash through the system – is “Thanks, but no thanks.”

Simply put, the rabbits are tuckered out.

So Why Buy Gold?

Okay, some of you may be thinking now, so the dollars are piling up because the velocity of money has crashed. The Fed’s stimulus remains untapped, like an idle oil tanker filled with cash. But if that’s the case – and if deflation worries could worsen – then why buy gold?

It’s a good question. Most of the talking heads don’t bother thinking the answer all the way through. They stop at step one without progressing to steps two or three. “Gold’s no good in a deflationary environment,” they say. “Prices are going down and that’s that. So why would you want gold?”

Well, let’s see.

First recall that deflation is every central banker’s worst nightmare. (Particularly central bankers who spent the bulk of their academic lives studying the Great Depression.) That’s why Fed Chair Ben Bernanke gave a defining 2002 speech titled, “Deflation: Making Sure ‘It’ Doesn’t Happen Here.”

If you’ll indulge this quick recap, here is the key paragraph from Bernanke’s deflation speech:

What has this got to do with monetary policy? Like gold, U.S. dollars have value only to the extent that they are strictly limited in supply. But the U.S. government has a technology, called a printing press (or, today, its electronic equivalent), that allows it to produce as many U.S. dollars as it wishes at essentially no cost… We conclude that, under a paper-money system, a determined government can always generate higher spending and hence positive inflation.

The underscore emphasis is mine. What Bernanke believes amounts to this: The printing press is an irresistible force. There is no deflation so immovable that the printing press cannot smash through it.

An irresistible force sounds most impressive. When we think back to the velocity problem, though – recall the lethargic rabbits – the printing press starts looking like the wrong cure for the wrong ailment.

This is because as far as money in the system goes, a velocity problem is different than a quantity problem. The printing press speaks to quantity, but on the question of velocity, it remains mute.

Going back to our tree trunk analogy: Bernanke could round up a thousand rabbits, he could round up ten thousand rabbits, or he could round up fifty thousand rabbits. If the rabbits don’t feel like running around the tree, quantity does nothing. If banks and consumers cannot be goaded into the old patterns of buy, spend, borrow and lend, then it just doesn’t matter how much the Fed pumps in.

Except for one thing: To say it “just doesn’t matter” is not wholly correct. The Fed’s stimulus-pump actions do matter in one particularly awful way. The more money a desperate Fed pumps into a non-responsive US economy, the closer we edge to systemic breakdown for the fiat currency system as a whole.

Breaking Down the Breakdown

My use of “breakdown” in this case refers to the point at which the world loses faith… the point at which investors realize in dawning horror that the world’s reserve currency is doomed.

The trouble lies in the fact that the Federal Reserve has staked its whole crisis-response plan on the power of the printing press. The Fed, in other words, has but one play in the playbook… the play outlined in Bernanke’s deflation speech.

If deflation’s grip is not broken soon, then Bernanke will double down on the printing press strategy… and then double down again. The Fed will pump and pump until the total pool of dollars in the system makes the United States look like a banana republic.

It is this scenario, by the way, that keeps Jerome Whitehead awake at night. Whitehead, now 86 years old, is a former chairman of Goldman Sachs.

“I see nothing but large increases in the deficit, all of which are serving to decrease the credit standing of America,” Whitehead says. “Before I go to sleep at night, I wonder if tomorrow is the day Moody’s and S&P will announce a downgrade of U.S. government bonds… Eventually U.S. government bonds would no longer be the triple-A credit that they’ve always been.”

Mr. Whitehead is right to worry.

Wake Up and Smell the Bullion

Recall too, in case you’ve forgotten, that in times of crisis gold serves a proxy for cash. And in times of deflationary crisis, gold is the only form of cash not subject to the ravages of a printing press. (This might explain why there is a run on gold coins taking place. The U.S. Mint has been forced to ration them out.)

It may take a bit longer for Wall Street (and the world) to wake up and smell the bullion. But as to what happens in the medium to longer term, the distribution of outcomes is pretty cut and dry.

If deflation is vanquished and money starts to move again, interest rates will stay low for a good long stretch of time (so as not to cripple a convalescing economy). In this scenario inflation returns, much to the Fed’s relief, and gold resumes its upward climb.

If, instead, the Fed fails utterly, Bernanke will not go gentle into that good night. He will print his way into spectacular oblivion (as all but promised in his 2002 speech)… and Mr. Whitehead’s bad dream will be realized… and gold will respond accordingly.

Source: Run, Rabbit, Run! The Importance of Monetary Velocity

This from Money Morning:

The gathering of 20 largest industrial countries in Washington this past weekend – billed as a crucial G20 summit – turned out to be a rather dull scrum.

There were promises of a coordinated approach to bank regulation, additional economic stimulus packages, and increased allocations for the International Monetary Fund (IMF) –one of the five “aftershock-investing” opportunities Money Morning has counseled readers to watch for. But none of the G20 meeting proposals seemed even remotely likely to make a difference in the here and now.

Even so, when you consider the kind of mischief the world’s 20 largest governments are capable of getting into, it’s best to just breathe a sigh of relief.

The G20 communiqué starts by getting the cause of the crisis wrong. It blames banks that “sought higher yields without an adequate appreciation of the risks” as the primary cause of the crisis, while government was to blame only for inadequate supervision. That begs the question: What made banks – which for decades had been model citizens, leading perfectly blameless lives – suddenly go off the reservation in this way?

The answer, of course, is sloppy monetary policy.

These slapdash policies, pursued by the U.S. Federal Reserve since 1995 and by other central banks since 2002, have translated into very low interest rates, and asset bubbles that over-inflated the value of stocks, real estate and commodities throughout world markets.  Naturally, since borrowing was cheap and asset prices always went up, bankers, acting like the well-trained economic men they are, leveraged too much and stuffed their balance sheets with all sorts of snoozy assets.

But central banks’ misdeeds are not failures of the private sector; indeed, central banks are government institutions.

Likewise, the misdeeds in the housing market – while perpetrated by private-sector wheeler-dealers among the mortgage brokers and asset securitizers – were initially prompted by Fannie Mae (FNM) and Freddie Mac (FRE), two government-based enterprises (even though these companies tried to masquerade as private-sector ventures, so they could pay their top brass like Pharaohs, instead of the civil servants that they actually were). They were spurred on by the Community Reinvestment Act, which positively forced banks to lend large sums of money to impoverished unfortunates who couldn’t pay it back – creating the subprime-mortgage market.

The G20’s refusal to admit that government bears a large part of the responsibility for the crisis is important. Public beliefs about the cause of disasters can affect policy for decades. This happened during the 1930s. For decades the public was convinced that the Wall Street Crash of 1929 caused the Great Depression. Indeed, it was two other factors – the Fed’s inability to expand the money supply during the banking crisis of 1931-33 (identified as a big problem by Milton Friedman and Anna Schwarz in 1963), and the highly protectionist 1930 Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act (not really blamed until the late 1970s) – were much more centrally responsible.

Only when another almost identical crash happened in 1987 – and no “Depression” followed – was this long-held misnomer finally put to rest.

But this long-held misdiagnosis caused U.S. policymakers to devote much effort to preventing another Wall Street Crash, in order to avoid another Depression. In doing so, they made matters much worse in some respects, notably by splitting commercial and investment banking by the 1933 Glass-Steagall Act. That legislation almost shut down the U.S. capital markets in the late 1930s, because the tiny new investment banks, split off from their commercial bank parents, could not afford to underwrite large, risky stock-and-bond offerings.

With its mistaken assessment of the market’s current backdrop, the G20 will focus mainly on bank regulation, tightening down so that banks will be forced to keep more capital on hand to sustain their balance sheets – therefore unable to make as many risky investments or high-risk loans.

We’re already seeing the fallout from this assessment. First, banks are de-leveraging as fast as they can, forcing down asset prices and helping fuel the whipsaw volatility that’s become the market norm of late (hedge funds and other institutional players are de-leveraging, too, which is contributing to the chaos). Second, credit has tightened throughout the world economy, and we’re now watching as one market after another is succumbing to recessionary forces.

Controlling the salaries of bank executives will also have a modest economic effect, probably in increasing the number of hedge fund and other speculators that infest the financial system – not a good recipe for stability in the long run.

What won’t happen is a proper reform of the government policies that went wrong. There will be no tightening of monetary policy – until rapidly rising inflation forces it to happen, probably about a year from now, once the economy has touched bottom. There will be no reform of the housing market – we are unfortunately unlikely to return to the sepia-toned days when local savings-and-loan companies run by “It’s a Wonderful Life’s” George Bailey (Jimmy Stewart) made home loans directly to customers they deal with on a first-name basis. This failure to reform will make housing finance a source of future instability, and increase the bureaucratic cost and hassle of getting a mortgage.

Despite these many missteps, however, there’s reason to be very thankful.

For all its mistakes, the G20 avoided the biggest blunder of all, the misstep that touched off the Great Depression – a move toward protectionism that could devastate world trade. Indeed, the group specifically pledged to avoid trade-inhibiting moves for the next 12 months and to work towards a Doha global trade agreement. I’ll believe the reality of the latter when I see it, but if the world’s statesmen are negotiating Doha, even unsuccessfully, they’re not passing Smoot-Hawley.

Simply having the world’s leaders meeting frequently keeps them from moving in this specific wrong direction – passing protectionist legislation is unpopular with leaders who know they will have lunch with their country’s trading partners soon, meaning they’ll do all they can to avoid that embarrassment!

With world trade unaffected, even this very unpleasant downturn is likely to be fairly short and nothing at all like the Great Depression. Twelve months from now, the world economy will be starting to emerge from a recession, stock prices will be rising and the major problem facing us will be rapidly accelerating inflation.

But at least we’ll have inflation-hawk Paul Volcker around, advising President-elect Barack Obama on the moves to make to tackle that problem. That’s one problem that won’t be misdiagnosed.

Source: Despite the G20’s Latest Missteps, Reason for Economic Optimism Remains

— The Great Greenspan Reputation Rehab tour is officially under way.

“I was praised for things I didn’t do,” Greenspan said this morning in The Wall Street Journal. “I am now being blamed for things that I didn’t do.” Not that he spoke up when Bob Woodward hailed him as the “Maestro” …or when Time magazine featured him on its cover as the head of the “Committee to Save the World,” of course.

— Yesterday, we noted fiery comments Greenspan directed at critics in the Financial Times. Today, The Wall Street Journal trots out the results of not one, not two but three recent interviews.

The Maestro’s Last Defense: Look deep into his eyes. When his hand closes into a fist, 18 years of easy money policies will vanish from your memory. Poof!

“Omniscience is not given to us,” Greenspan told the WSJ, dodging one bullet. “There is no way to predict how innovative markets will develop. All you can do is set a general strategy. The choice is between a lightly or tightly regulated economy. The former is highly competitive, innovative and dynamic — but periodically visited by wrenching crises. The latter is more stable, but slower growing.”

“Monetary policy is process based on probabilities,” he continued, dodging another, “I don’t remember a case when the process by which the decision making at the Federal Reserve failed. Events often did not proceed as we anticipated, but that resulted from a lack of foresight, not from a flawed decision making process.”

Nearly 300 years ago, John Law, a Scottish gambler and womanizer, conducted the first modern experiment with paper money in early 18th-century France. While the party raged, Law became the richest man in the world and was hailed a hero by king and court. Before it was all over, Law barely escaped France with his life after having his carriage smashed by an angry mob. We recounted the story in Financial Reckoning Day in 2002, at the height of Greenspan’s Maestro-ness.

The fabulous destiny of Alan Greenspan awaits…we’ll keep you posted.

— Likewise, the sunny optimism breaking over Wall Street — thanks to the Washington Mutual rescue plan — turned cloudy yesterday. Traders are getting jittery about first-quarter earnings announcements.

Perhaps, rightfully so.

Alcoa, the first Dow component to report, did so yesterday after the close. It came in at 44 cents per share… analysts were expecting 48. But we don’t expect the aluminum producer will have much of an effect. Most of the financials begin reporting next week. That’s when the fireworks will begin.

For the day yesterday, the Dow and S&P each lost a skosh. The Nasdaq dropped about a quarter percent…down 0.26% Otherwise, trading was quiet.

— We’re detecting a theme in much of the day’s news. Something you might call “Peak Everything.” Oil, food, water — you name it — supplies are falling and prices and tensions are rising. The world appears to be entering one of those phases in history that will take generations of library-sequestered historians inventing new theories to explain.

— But let’s dive in, starting with oil. It’s approaching record levels again. Light, sweet crude closed up nearly $3 yesterday, at $109.09. One reason for the rise: a decline in production from Russia — the world’s second biggest oil exporter.

“Production has been flat the last three months,” explains our Byron King, citing an obscure report from oil analyst Aram Mäkivierikko, “and it’s still below the maximum of under 10 million barrels per day set last October. That’s putting a strain on global supply, despite what OPEC ministers say.”

In a worst-case scenario, the study says, Russian production has already peaked. And even in the best-case scenario, production can’t increase by more than 5-10%. Should this report bear scrutiny, the implication of “Peak Oil” in Russia will be dramatic.

On the home front, Byron’s keeping his eye on a company that claims it can transform used tires into fuel…and it’s going into commercial service no later than May 31. Down the road, the same technology could be used to breathe new life into American oil wells that have been abandoned for decades.

And it has a one-of-a-kind leg up on all competing technologies when it comes to extracting oil shale — the hard-to-extract stuff in the Rocky Mountains that’s estimated to total three times Saudi Arabia’s proven reserves. We’ve reserved details for paying members of Byron’s Energy and Scarcity Investor — on sale this week. If you’re interested in learning more, you can do so here for a limited time.

— Just days after Robert Zoellick, president of the World Bank, warned 33 countries are at risk of riots because of food prices — the risk is already becoming a reality in several of them.

Four people have been killed in Haiti, where the prices of rice, beans and fruit have risen 50% in the past year.

Food riots were reported in four West African nations yesterday, and a nationwide strike was called for today in a fifth. Plans for a general strike in Egypt to protest rising food prices have been squelched, but only because police arrested more than 200 people.

“I think what we are facing is a perfect storm,” comments Bettina Leuscher from the World Food Program. “More and more people are going hungry and need food aid. At the same time, we’ve got the lowest food reserves in some 30 years on the markets. And prices have gone up tremendously, sometimes doubled in the last few months and you’ve got climate change with less harvest, droughts, floods.”

No riots in New York — not yet, anyway — but food pantries report major shortages because donations are way down.

– “We need to be concerned,” U.N. Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon commented yesterday, “about the possibility of taking land or replacing arable land because of these biofuels.” This, two years after the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization forecast that biofuels would wipe out hunger and poverty for up to 2 billion people.

“I’ve heard from at least a dozen farmers,” counters Kevin Kerr, who has been on the biofuel beat for years, “in Illinois, Minnesota, Iowa, Wisconsin and Indiana. They’re all telling me the same stories of either ethanol plants under construction that have ceased operations or plants that are declaring Chapter 11. Looks like the ‘dream’ of the new gold rush in corn-based ethanol is starting to unravel, and fast.”

— How about the outlook for U.S. crops this spring? Says Kevin: “Not great.”

“The wet, muddy conditions and continued rain make it next to impossible to get equipment in the fields,” Kerr writes. “Also, farmers run the risk of putting seeds in too early and, basically, losing the crop. The situation is pretty grave this year, as demand for all the grains is very high, as are the costs to plant them. The hope seems to be that we will have another year like last year and Mother Nature will be kind. It may not end up that way.”

Kevin heads out next week for his annual trip to the upper Midwest. “I knew corn would be going to $6 three years ago largely because of what I found out by visiting farms and seeing what was going on long before the ethanol boom landed on the front page of Barron’s.” We’ll keep you posted on Kevin’s travels.

Oh…some angry farmers respond to our coverage of the ethanol boom, too, below.