…how does it all work?

We’re doing some serious thinking this week. What is it that actually causes a depression? A stock market collapse? Or too much debt? How come government can appear to cure the problem sometimes – 2001-2007 – but not other times? How come the Japanese were not able to increase consumer prices? Even now… Japan’s inflation rate is negative. And how come, despite the most massive effort at monetary inflation ever undertaken, the US bond market still forecasts an inflation rate of less than 2%?

An interview with Richard Koo, author of ‘The Balance Sheet Recession,’ and a new book by Ken Rogoff and Carmen Reinhart are helping us understand what it going on. More to come…

In the meantime, the Dow went down 42 points on Friday. Gold dropped $7. Still no sign of the Chinese coming to the rescue in the gold market.

“Global rally shows signs of running out of steam,” says the Financial Times.

Reuters says the job data will “test the rally.” The New York Times says the ratio between job seekers and jobs available has never been worse.

The Wall Street Journal, on the other hand, tells us that greater than expected profits will support the rally. So far, the increase in stock prices has not come from increased earnings. It’s come from increased P/Es… based on the hope of higher earnings. In terms of forecast earnings, the Dow is selling at a P/E ratio of 27. But in terms of actual, reported earnings… the ratio is 180.

A friend made the mistake of asking us what to expect from the economy. We said it would go do down.

“You mean, you expect a W-shaped recovery,” he said… “a double-dip recession?”

“No… we expect no recovery at all. It’s a W without the last stroke… ”

Of course, we were exaggerating. But not much. We do not think that the economy of the Bubble Era can ever be revived. It will never recover; because it is dead.

But that doesn’t mean we will march backward forever. The economy may lose 10% of GDP… maybe 20%. But we do not expect to be slithering in the mud of the Middle Ages, with each man planting his own wheat and brewing his own beer. No, not at all. It only means that the depression must continue until it comes to an end.

“But when will it come to an end?” you ask.

“When it is over.”

A depression ends when it has done its work. It must correct mistakes. It must punish errors. It must destroy the bubble economy… and the mindset of the Bubble Era. Only then can new real, sustainable growth begin again.

So far, in 2009, 95 banks have gone broke. How many more need to go broke before the depression is over? We don’t know. This is where is gets complicated. Because the feds are determined to keep us from finding out!

Here’s how it works. The Fed lends the bankers money. Then, the bankers turn around and lend it back to the feds. The banks are happy; they’re making money on a risk-free trade. The regulators are happy; what could be safer in a bank’s vault than US Treasury bonds? Investors are happy; it looks like the financial sector is making money again. And the feds are happy; they’re able to finance their deficits.

Who’s not happy? So far, so good. But hold on…

“This is not a sustainable recovery,” says fund manager Crispin Odey in the Financial Times.

What a spoilsport! You mean, you can’t build a lasting recovery on debt and shell-game finance?

Nope. Apparently not. Just look at what has happened to the auto industry. The feds borrowed money to help Americans pimp up their rides. And this Thursday, when September sales figures come out, we find out how sustainable that boost was. Many Americans got new wheels. But now they don’t need new wheels. And now the feds are out of the auto-incentive business. So now we get to see what happens next.

“Oh Daddy, I felt so sorry for Annabel… ”

Maria was on the phone. She was telling about one of her friends… and money worries…

“She was sitting on the couch. And all of a sudden she burst into tears. She was crying because she is out of money…

“Her car broke down and she doesn’t have the money to get it fixed. And she had to go and have some medical work done. She just doesn’t have any money left…

“And she’s already working all she possibly can. She works with me at the studio. And she picks up bartending jobs on the side. She works all day… and then works at night too. But I think it is getting to her. She just can’t go on…

“I asked her if her folks could help her out. But she said that her father lost his job in the recession… and they don’t have any money to lend her.

“Honestly, I felt so lucky to have you behind me. I don’t know what I would do if I didn’t have the family supporting me. I guess I just wouldn’t be able to keep going either. I’d have to give up the idea of being an actress because it’s almost impossible to support yourself and still go to all the castings and try-outs.”

Elizabeth added a comment:

“I was talking to [a French friend]. He thinks it is typically American to expect each generation to make it on its own. Americans think they should put aside enough money to pay their retirements, and that’s all. They don’t worry about their children. They think the children should take care of themselves. Anyway, that’s what he thinks Americans think… and he’s probably mostly right about it.

“The French attitude is much different. They keep the children closer… and help them more. He’s got five children and he wants to be able to leave them something. He’s just begun a new business venture, because he says he wasn’t able to earn enough in his job.

“He makes a good point: when you have to start from nothing, you just won’t get as far. You know, it’s a bit like what Newton said. He was able to make spectacular progress because, as he put it, he could ‘stand on the shoulders of giants.’ But that’s true for everything. One generation stands on the work of the one that came before it. And if there is nothing to stand on… they have to start from scratch. They are able to do more… if they have a firm foundation to stand on. And there are somethings they couldn’t do at all without it. Maria, for example, would be forced to get a more serious job, if we weren’t helping her with her bills while she’s getting established. And Jules, too. He wants a career in music. But if he couldn’t count on us to help him, he’d probably have to do something that pays better now.

“There’s a lot to be said for the American can-do emphasis on self-reliance. But there’s something to be said for the French attitude too. The ideal is to give your children the spirit of self-reliance and the confidence that comes from making it on their own… but also to give them something to work with… so they don’t have to start at the very bottom.”

Until tomorrow,

Bill Bonner

Source: Correcting Mistakes and Punishing Errors

This afternoon, we have been invited for a private tour of a grotto not far away. According to our information, the grotto was sealed off by falling rock hundreds of years ago. Thus it was protected and preserved remains of human habitation from 30,000 years ago.

“Yes, there is a span of about 10,000 years in which there is little evidence of human habitation in Europe,” said the owner. “Maybe humans almost died out during that period; we don’t know what happened. But when this cave was opened, we found some remains that were dated from that era. It’s a remarkable find. A group of 20 scientists has been working there all summer. They told me they found 1,000 artifacts a day. Of course, we’re not talking about statues and battle axes. Most of these discoveries are bone fragments… maybe even grains of cereal…”

We’ll find out more this afternoon…

Meanwhile, we turn our attention to the world of money. And we begin by asking:

Just what are we trying to figure out?

Well, we want to understand what is going on… don’t we?

And we want to try to guess about what is likely to happen next, don’t we?

We’d like to know, for example, whether stocks were going up or down… and whether this is a good time to buy property… or gold… or Treasury bonds. We’d like to know, wouldn’t we?

Of course we would. Unfortunately, ‘it is not given to man to know his fate,’ as the ancients put it. All we know is what happened in the past… and the fate of men who came before us… Even that we know only in a wispy, uncertain kind of way. All we have are stories…

For 40,000 years – maybe longer – our ancestors have walked the very earth where your editor puts his feet. They lived. They died. What did they know? Scientists say they were as smart as we are. What did they talk about? What did they think about?

“Every time something is given, something is taken away,” we suggested over dinner last night.

“No, that’s not right. You’re saying that life is a zero-sum game… that it can never get better… that it can never really improve… that there can be no real progress…” Elizabeth replied.

“Well, not exactly… I’m saying that there are no free lunches in nature. That if a man is smarter, he is not likely to be faster too. But I’m not saying anything particular… or scientific… I’m just announcing a general principle… more like a vague intuition about the way things work. According to one theory, for example, mankind migrated from Africa to Europe. In Europe, during the Ice Age, he encountered a great challenge: cold weather. Most humans and pre-humans probably couldn’t survive it. But some did. And they did by evolving into maybe smarter… maybe slower… people with bigger heads. According to the latest thinking on the subject, the bigger brains were a disadvantage in warmer climates… because they got too hot. I guess they took up too much energy too. But they were an evolutionary necessity in colder climates… where the cold weather not only made possible a hotter head, but also made it a necessity. People needed bigger brains to anticipate the change of seasons and save for winter, for example. They had to see what was coming. They had to look at what was coming… and prepare for it. They had to work together too… to hunt large game… and to fight off competitors. Those who couldn’t do so died out. Well… that’s the theory…”

Every day, here at the Daily Reckoning, we give you information on the latest trends and events in financial markets. But everybody has access to the same information. And what is information, anyway? What is it worth? What does it mean?

For thousands of years, people exchanged information. Then, it must have been a different kind of information… things we can barely imagine… about where animals were getting their water… about where to find seeds and how to avoid sickness… how to prepare for winter… and how to fend off wild animals. Then, the dominion of the human species was not so sure. There were saber-toothed tigers, lions, wolves, even mastodons… giant sloths… Early man was probably as often prey as hunter. He had to be on his toes to survive.

Information was one thing. But there was more. He needed wisdom… and technology… as well as facts. He had to learn to store food for winter as well as beat back attacks by wild beasts. He had to know how to make cloaks out of animal skins… and how to stock firewood for a rainy, snowy winter… and how to find shelter.

We imagine tribes sat around the campfire and told stories. The stories reported victories and defeats… disasters and triumphs… heroes and enemies. But the stories were more than just information: they carried lessons… moral lessons… about what to do and what not to do.

That is the tradition to which we are heirs here at the Daily Reckoning. We pass along information: but without a story, the information is just noise.

Our story is the story of the seasons. It’s the story of heroes and villains… of fatal flaws and inevitable disasters.

The common flaw is an old one. The Greeks couldn’t seem to tell a story without mentioning it. ‘Hubris’… the kind of pride that goeth before a fall… the arrogance that leads people to think they can get away with something… that they not only can know their fates… but that they can control them.

Today, Ben Bernanke is our tragic hero. His flaw is as obvious as his challenge. He thinks he can stop the world from turning… stop the seasons… avoid the hard, correcting winter by tempting the sun with bailouts, stimulus and cheap credit. His arrogance is an affront to the gods.

The old tales tell us what will happen. He will fail. But when… how? That is a different story. It is the story future generations must tell. We must live it.

Source: Don’t Count on China