These losses came only three months after Nomura declared a loss of $1.5 billion on write-downs due to its bond insurer exposure in March 2008, and nine months after declaring a $700 million write-off of its subprime mortgage exposure and exiting the business.

This is the third or fourth time this has happened to Nomura, ever since it started serious international expansion in the early 1980s. It puts lots of resources into businesses in New York, or sometimes London, then a few years later retires to lick its wounds after reporting huge losses.

Unfortunately, it is not likely Nomura’s losses will cure it of its bad habit this time around, either.

Nomura President Kenichi Watanabe told executives in March that the firm would “aggressively take risks” and boost profit by expanding its global investment banking, fixed income and private equity businesses. He also told The Financial Times that Nomura should expand aggressively internationally, using London as its international “factory” in which products would be developed and exported to both New York and Tokyo.

Nomura is the undisputed leader in investment banking and brokerage in its home market. A year ago, it might have worried somewhat because Citigroup Inc. (C) bought a majority stake in its nearest competitor, Nikko Cordial Corp. (PINK ADR: NIKOY). However, the sub-prime crisis broke last summer, and has enveloped Citigroup in an ever-increasing spiral of losses and disasters. Thus, the last thing Citigroup has thought about is aggressive expansion in Japan, so Nomura should easily able to pick up a few more points of market share in its domestic business. But to do so, Nomura needs to shelve its ambitious U.S. expansion plans and focus on its own backyard.

Nomura is not the only Asian firm to fall prey to the allure of U.S. expansion. SK Telecom (ADR: SKM), the South Korean wireless telephone giant, has more than a 50% share of its domestic market. And the new government has finally allowed it to push aggressively for expansion. SK Telecom also has a joint venture in China, one of the largest consumer markets, where it has made more than a 50% profit in two years. The South Korean telecom has another major position in the cell phone market of Vietnam, one of the fastest growing and most exciting emerging markets in the world. In short, SK Telecom profits should be rocketing through the roof.

But they’re not. Instead, after having already blown $500 million last year on a joint venture with Earthlink Inc. (ELNK) in the United States, SK Telecom is now attempting to buy a minority stake in Sprint Nextel Corp. (S), a money losing company that is likely to cost the South Korean firm between $3 billion and $5 billion. This is madness; SK Telecom is throwing away both the cash flow from its existing Korean operation and the exciting growth potential in China and Vietnam to pour money into the U.S. telecom market that is both less advanced technologically, and less attractive in terms of growth.

Tata Motors (ADR: TTM) is another fine example of this “bad habit.” Tata was not content with its the Tata Nano in late 2008, which is priced to sell for $2,500 and could revolutionize the Indian, and potentially the world automobile market. Instead, Tata bought Jaguar and Land Rover from Ford Motor Co. (F) for close to $3 billion this year. And while those brands may be very attractive long-term strategic purchases, their large price tag has left Tata Motors short of funds at a time when it needs to devote resources to the Nano project.

As a direct consequence of the purchase from Ford, Tata Motors is now proposing a major series of stock issues, which will inevitably dilute current shareholder equity and reduce the value of their holdings. With interest rates in India rising and the economy slowing, the risks for Tata have been notably increased – simply because the company could not resist Western expansion when it did not reliably have the funds in-house to undertake it.

Nomura, SK Telecom and Tata Motors are all fine companies. But each would be even better company if management had not succumbed to the fatal temptation of pouring money into the U.S. market where they had no significant comparative advantage.

Their shareholders are suffering accordingly – Nomura is down 28% in the last year, SK Telecom is down 25% and Tata Motors is down 43%.

Source: The “Bad Habit” Asian Firms Just Can’t Seem to Shake

• Wells Fargo Co. (WFC) stock jumped 32% after the nation’s fifth largest bank raised its dividend by 10%, from 31 cents a share to 34 cents. The company reported second-quarter profit fell 22% as more customers defaulted on loans, but the dividend hike was enough to answer any questions concerning the company’s stability.

• Light, sweet crude for August delivery fell $4.14 to settle at $134.60 a barrel on the New York Mercantile Exchange yesterday (Wednesday) after sinking as low as $132 earlier in the day. Over the past two days crude prices have dropped $10 a barrel.

• The National Association of Home Builders/Wells Fargo housing market index fell in July to a record low of 16, down from 18 in June, the Associated Press reported. The index has been on a downward trajectory since May, as tighter lending standards, rising mortgage defaults and fear about the housing market’s future have sidelined buyers.

• Russian energy giant OAO Gazprom accused Belarus underpaying for gas deliveries and threatened to go to court if the situation is not rectified, Thomson Financial reported. “If the Belarussian side continues to fail to honour its obligations to pay in full for Russian gas, Gazprom reserves the right to start court proceedings,” Gazprom said in a statement.

• Shares of Gannett Co. Inc. (GCI), the largest U.S. newspaper publisher, tumbled yesterday (Wednesday) after the publisher announced a 36% decline in second-quarter profits from the same period the year prior, Bloomberg News reported. Shares shed 78 cents, a decline of 4.5%, to close at $16.57.

• Struggling Sprint Nextel Corp. (S) is an attractive takeover target for Korea-based SK Telecom Co. Ltd. (ADR: SKM). The two mobile carriers are a good technological fit and Sprint is hurting for cash, while SK Telecom is looking to expand its presence in the United States, BusinessWeek reported.

• Executives from Time Warner Inc.’s (TWX) AOL unit met with Microsoft Corp. (MSFT) yesterday (Wednesday) to discuss a possible merger. Microsoft is seeking alternatives after Yahoo! Inc. (YHOO) shunned its buyout bid. While the two firms have been in ongoing discussions for some time now, the chances of reaching a deal remain less than certain, MarketWatch reported.

• Delta Air Lines Inc. (DAL) stock jumped over 25% yesterday (Wednesday) despite announcing a $1 billion quarterly loss. The Atlanta-based carrier was profitable before special charges, Reuters reported, causing shares to gain $1.24 to close at $5.91.

Source:  Global Investing Roundups Thursday, July 17th, 2008

And, ominously, the price of contracts used to speculate on the creditworthiness of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac and to protect against a default doubled in the past two months.

What about the government’s implied guarantee of the debt held by the companies? It seems investor confidence in short supply.

Stocks in Fannie Mae have shed 73 percent in the past year on the New York Stock Exchange. Meanwhile, Freddie Mac dumped 60 percent.

Yesterday currency expert Chuck Butler said the markets were smelling blood in the water. Chuck says the markets now  think Fannie and Freddie will need about $75 billion in new capital to remain viable companies. But a rumored bailout didn’t happen. More from Chuck:

Could these two be the next ‘risk events’ that I keep talking about in the U.S.? It’s all rumors and hearsay now.. But like the song goes… There’s no smoke without a fire…. There’s no heat without a flame…

Or… Could it be the news from Indy Mac, who agreed with regulators to halt new loans under an agreement with the regulators, and then announced that they would cut half its staff as mortgage losses mount? Again, folks, I’m not picking on these companies because I have some vendetta against them… I’m just reporting what’s on the news wires, as something that could affect the value of the dollar in the long run.

Jennifer Yousfi in Money Morning says the end of the housing slowdown is a long way off…

We might be getting closer to the bottom. In fact, existing home sales rose in February, the first such increase in the past seven months. But it’s probably too soon to get excited about a full housing recovery.

“It looks like this may be a temporary pause,” Nigel Gault, chief U.S. economist at Global Insight Inc. in Lexington, Mass., told Bloomberg News after the existing homes sales report was released. “The price declines have helped, and people are still getting financing, though not on the good terms they could before.”

“We’re still a long way from a recovery in housing,” Gault said.

Where to put your money as the credit crisis rollicks on? Invest abroad, says Jennifer. Anywhere but the US…

With foreign economies growing that briskly, there will be plenty of profitable investment opportunities available in the 12 months to come.

With growth sputtering and a recession still possible here at home, investors should turn their attention to such U.S.-based multinationals as McDonald’s Corp. (MCD) and Yum! Brands Inc. (YUM). Both firms derive substantial portions of their sales from overseas markets, where growth is likely to continue over the next 12 months, regardless of what happens to the U.S. economy.

And while these firms offer significant foreign-market exposure, the fact that they’re U.S. based means such corporations as McDonald’s, Yum! Brands and such others as The Coca-Cola Co. (KO) and PepsiCo Inc. (PEP) offer the transparency of U.S. financial reporting requirements and the relative protection of the U.S. investment-regulatory system.

But if you prefer to invest more directly in foreign growth, then Hutchinson – the Money Morning contributing editor – says to try South Korea’s largest wireless service provider, SK Telecom Co. Ltd. (SKM). SK is well positioned to capitalize on the growing Asian markets. Likewise, the Hsinchu, Taiwan-based Taiwan Semiconductor Mfg. Co. Ltd. (TSM) [commonly referred to as TMSC], the world’s largest dedicated semiconductor foundry, is another Asian tech company that is not currently overvalued and should do well in the New Year, Hutchinson says.

Traditional inflation-sensitive investments such as currencies and commodities are also good plays for 2008, investment gurus as Fitz-Gerald and “adventure-capitalist” Jim Rogers both say.

The PowerShares Agriculture Fund (DBA), operated by German giant Deutsche Bank AG (DB), is intended to reflect the performance of four commodities in the agriculture sector: Soybeans (31.13%), wheat (28.87%), corn (23.43%) and sugar (16.58%). These include some of the key agricultural commodity plays that Rogers advocates.

Another is Van Eck’s recently launched Market Vectors Agribusiness Exchange-Traded Fund (MOO). Like the PowerShares Fund, this reflects the agriculture industry but in a different way. Instead, the ETF’s holdings reflect returns seen from agriculture chemicals (34%), agriproduct operations (33.5%), agriculture equipment (24.3%), livestock operations (5.6%) and ethanol/biodiesel (2.3%).

For investors who have the constitution of a Contrarian investor – as well as some patience and a long time horizon – it may be well worth a look at some of the beaten-down financial-sector stocks that state-run sovereign wealth funds are buying into in a wholesale manner. Although many U.S. investors are preaching caution – if not total avoidance – when it comes to companies involved with the American financial-services sector, these government-run investment pools clearly view such stalwarts as Citigroup Inc. (C), UBS AG (UBS), Merrill Lynch & Co. Inc. (MER), and Morgan Stanley (MS), as bargain-basement investment opportunities.

But don’t despair. Because a trend that has long been talked about – economic decoupling – is finally starting to manifest itself as other world economies, particularly the so-called “BRIC” markets of Brazil, Russia, China and India, have continued to grow even as the U.S. economy has slowed. That means profit opportunities abound for U.S. investors, despite myriad messes on the home front that include a collapsed housing market, a mortgage crisis that turned into a five-alarm credit conflagration, and a plunging greenback that seems to have left its parachute on the airplane that it jumped from.

Some of the profit pathways to play:

• Investors can eschew the U.S. market completely, and pursue profits abroad.
• They can latch onto the U.S.-based members of the “Global Titans” club, companies with their headquarters in America that derive a hefty chunk of their profits from overseas markets.
• Or investors can ferret out U.S. investments that are either immune to some of this country’s current economic afflictions, or that are problem-plagued now, but a good bet for a turnaround later.

A Year to Forget?

Like a Dickens’ novel, 2007 was a definite “Best of Times/Worst of Times” combination for the U.S. economy. Volatility and crisis were the watchwords for much of the year. After key stock indices reached record highs in the middle of the year, the explosive emergence of the subprime mortgage debacle and related credit crunch pushed share prices into a nosedive that steepened as the year progressed.

With a 0.6% increase in gross domestic product (GDP) for the fourth quarter of 2007 and a first quarter that’s supposed to be flat at best, it’s clear that we’re not out of the woods, yet. Many fear that 2008 will find the United States in a recession. Other investors believe we have already experienced the first elements of a recessionary contraction.

“If I had to be bold, I’d say we began a recession in December,” Bill Gross, manager of the PIMCO Total Return Fund (PTTAX), told the Financial Times in a recent interview.

The Homeowner Blues

As 2007 progressed, many Americans experienced a growing despair as they watched their largest asset – the family home – experience a significant value decline. The United States is experiencing its worst housing recession in more than 15 years. And that domicile downturn is far from over. Consumers are being forced to watch as the housing slump siphons off the equity they’ve built up, even as it shaves the market value of their homes. Consumers with marginal credit who’d signed up for adjustable-rate loans have seen their mortgage rates “reset,” and then had to watch as their monthly mortgage payment ballooned to the point that they could no longer afford those payments.

For many, unfortunately, refinancing hasn’t been an option. The vanishing homeowners’ equity made such deals unfavorable to lenders. And with the burgeoning credit crisis that quickly became global in nature, banks and mortgage firms have slashed the available amount of refinancing loans that homeowners needed to escape their soaring mortgage payments.

Soon, the banks that had made the questionable calls on subprime loans were in trouble, too. With the housing market cooling, the homeowners who couldn’t refinance also discovered that they couldn’t sell. Homeowner defaults – loans that are 30 days or more past due – soared and started a firestorm that has swept through the global financial-services sector, singing such stalwarts as Citigroup Inc. (C), Fannie Mae (FNM), UBS AG (UBS), and others.

“It will take most of the year to work out of the housing slowdown. Currently, the inventory of unsold homes is at an eight to nine-month level. We have to get this down to a more normal level of four to five months. In order to get to this level, housing starts will remain low,” Dr. Robert Sweet, an economist at MTB Investment Advisors, the investment-advisory subsidiary of M&T Bank Corp. (MTB), said in an interview with Money Morning.

And we might be getting closer to the bottom. In fact, existing home sales rose in February, the first such increase in the past seven months. But it’s probably too soon to get excited about a full housing recovery.

“It looks like this may be a temporary pause,” Nigel Gault, chief U.S. economist at Global Insight Inc. in Lexington, Mass., told Bloomberg News after the existing homes sales report was released. “The price declines have helped, and people are still getting financing, though not on the good terms they could before.”

“We’re still a long way from a recovery in housing,” Gault said.

The Fed to the Rescue?

U.S. Federal Reserve policymakers cut the benchmark interest rate by less-than-expected three-quarters of a percentage point at their last meeting, a move that was designed to energize a badly flagging economy without causing inflation to spike or exacerbating the greenback’s decline.

When central bank policymakers reduced the key Federal Funds rate from 3% to 2.25% on March 18, it was the sixth time in seven months the closely watched benchmark had been reduced. Many analysts had been expecting a reduction of a percentage point – or even more – as such recent events as the near-collapse and subsequent Fed-led bailout of U.S. investment bank The Bear Stearns Cos. Inc. (BSC) stoked fears that the U.S. financial system was ready to seize up.

The policymaking Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) has now cut the Fed Funds rate six times and slashed the Discount Rate for direct loans to banks eight times since August, when the subprime mortgage market collapsed and created a global credit crisis.

While the FOMC made it clear that inflation has grown as a concern, it still says that economic worries remain the biggest problem and emphasized that it was ready to act again if need be.

“Today’s policy action, combined with those taken earlier, including measures to bolster market liquidity, should help to promote moderate growth over time and to mitigate the risks to economic activity,” the FOMC said in its March 18th statement. “However, downside risks to growth remain. The committee will act in a timely manner as need to promote sustainable economic growth and price stability.”

You may reasonably ask why you should care. There are, after all, about 183 countries in the world, perhaps 100 of which are more or less democratic in nature, which gives you roughly 30 elections a year to worry about. Figuring out who are the “good guys” in that number of races is absolutely impossible – even in Korea, which is one of our more-important trading partners.

Every now and then, however, an election brings a change that is truly significant, either politically or economically. In Korea, this election has brought significant positive economic change.

Since the Asian crisis of 1997, Korea has been run by the center-left. That group didn’t do too bad a job: Economic growth ticked along at an average annual rate of between 4% and 5%. The per-capita growth rate is about the same, given that Korea has only 0.4% per annum population growth. There’s a budget surplus, and the country also boasts a balance of payments surplus. Overall inflation is only 2.5%. The stock market is around double its 2003 level, which is when the previous [and now-outgoing] government came into power.

As nice a job as the outgoing government managed to do, its policies also included a few that held back growth. For instance, government spending rose from 21% of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) to 28% over the decade the left was in power. That increase in government outlays saps resources from the private sector by diverting the resources into less-productive public sector uses – reducing the economy’s overall productivity growth.

The outgoing government also imprisoned the chairmen of three of Korea’s top six chaebol conglomerates, and placed severe restrictions on their expansion. SK Telecom Co. Ltd. (SKM), for example, part of the Sunkyong Group, was not permitted to increase its cell-phone market share significantly above 50%. Only after Lee’s presidential election victory in December did restrictions start to relax. In February, SK Telecom was permitted to acquire 44% of its competitor, Hanarotelecom.Inc. (OTC: HANAY).

However, President Lee’s more free-market approach seems likely to ratchet Korean growth up a notch. He ran for election on the platform that Korea should expect a growth rate of 7% – not 5% – and with a budget surplus and low inflation rate he is well positioned to deliver his goal. Lee has promised both corporate and individual tax cuts, and a major program of privatization, starting with three state-owned banks – including the Korea Development Bank.

He is also likely to take a tougher stance toward the potentially volatile leadership in North Korea, cutting back on handouts and adopting a harder line against its northern neighbor’s alleged nuclear-weapons programs. This newfound aggressiveness by the South Korean leadership will save money both for the government and for the big conglomerates, since they had been expected to undertake unprofitable prestige projects in the North.

There are five Korean stocks that have American Depository Receipts (ADRs) that are fully listed on the New York Stock Exchange and that trade in reasonable volume. Some of these are more attractive than others-Kookmin Bank and SK Telecom in particular seem especially good bargains. Let’s take a look at each of the five, starting with an overview and including an investment rating on the shares:

• Kookmin Bank: (KB): The largest bank in Korea, KB has been hit by investor disillusionment with the financial services sector; at one point it was down 50% from its 2007 high. However, the stock has rallied recently. The bank’s earnings have continued to make steady progress and it has no exposure to the U.S. subprime mortgage market. Kookmin’s shares are trading at a Price/Earnings ratio of only 7.5 on trailing 12 months’ earnings, and its P/E on projected earnings for the next 12 months is a staggeringly low 6.6. Those earnings are expected to increase in a big way. One last benefit: Kookmin’s shares feature a dividend yield of 4%, which is more than you’ll get out of Treasuries these days. Rating: “Strong Buy.”

• Korea Electric Power Corp.: (KEP): Shares of the Korea’s electric power company are up slightly from where we recommended them back in December. The shares feature a P/E of 11 on projected earnings, and a dividend yield of 2.4%. KEP’s steady growth should benefit from any acceleration in Korea’s economic growth rate, but it is forced to buy coal from overseas, which has doubled in price in the past year. With an election in the offing, it suffered from price controls in the latter part of 2007, but should presumably have more freedom to raise its tariffs going forward. Rating: “Hold.”

• KT Corp.: (KTC): Formerly Korea Telecom, KT is now Korea’s leading “fixed-line” telecommunications provider, which was privatized in 2002. While the P/E ratio on trailing earnings is less than 9, its forward P/E is 11.5 as its margins are under assault from the hyper-competitive Korean telecom market. It has a dividend yield of 4%. Rating: “Hold.”

• Posco: (PKX): Korea’s largest steel company, and the world’s most-efficient steelmaker, Posco’s shares sport a Price/Earnings ratio of about 11, and a dividend yield of 2%. The company is a major exporter into China, making it a key participant in that country’s explosive growth. The company does buy its iron ore from Brazil’s Vale (RIO), and was socked with a 65% price increase in this crucial raw material. But don’t forget that investment guru Warren Buffett made Posco one of the 20 Korean companies he invested in last year. If nothing else, that’s a reminder that Posco will become very attractive when the commodities bubble deflates, even though it may be a tad early to make your move right now. Rating: “Buy/Hold.”

• SK Telecom: (SKM): It’s Korea’s largest mobile phone company, with operations in China and Vietnam. The stock is now trading at only 8.7 times estimated 2008 earnings, and has a hefty 4.9% dividend yield – so income investors do well from it, also. For many years, its market share in Korea was capped at 50%. But now the shackles are coming off; in fact, SKM recently got the green light to buy 44% of Hanarotelecom, Korea’s second-largest cell phone company. In 2006, SKM invested in a $1 billion convertible offering for China Unicom, Mainland China’s No. 2 mobile-phone company; in August 2007, the bonds were converted into a 6.6% in China Unicom with a current value of almost $2 billion. In Vietnam, SKM’s 73% owned Vietnamese subsidiary had 3.5 million subscribers in 2007, and it’s now aiming for 5 million in 2008. Only its U.S. operations are showing losses, but even those could turn around. Rating: “Buy.”