Fast-growing industry and a reliance on coal-fired power plants turned China into the world’s largest emitter of greenhouse gas a few years ago. Clouds of smog far thicker than that of Los Angeles hang over many of its cities and much of the water is densely polluted. But that’s something the central government aims to change.

China plans to reduce energy consumption per unit of its gross domestic product (GDP) by 20% of 2005 levels by the end of next year. It’s more immediate goal is to reduce reliance on coal-fired plants to 60% of its energy production from 70%, and replace with renewable energy sources like wind and solar.

Since 2007, about 54 gigawatts – about 7% of the nation’s electricity-generating capacity – of coal and oil-fired power plants have been closed down as part of the effort to reduce carbon emissions.

Alternative energy sources, including wind, solar, and hydropower, are in line to replace fossil fuels. China’s market for green technology could reach $1 trillion annually, or about 15% of the country’s forecast 2013 GDP, according to a report released last week by the China Greentech Initiative and the American Chamber of Commerce.

“Climate change brings a range of new risks and challenges for business, but it is also creating huge opportunities, particularly in the greentech sectors,” Richard Gledhill, global leader on climate change and carbon market services for consultancy PricewaterhouseCoopers, told the People’s Daily. “The International Energy Agency predicts that we will have to spend an additional $9 trillion over the next 20 years to deliver a stabilization scenario of two degrees Celsius.”

Already solar companies in China are benefiting from the government’s push for clean technology.  China plans to install more than 500 megawatts of solar pilot projects in two to three years.

“Given the nascent nature of China’s solar domestic market, this 500 mW program, though not huge, sends a strong signal that China is serious about developing its domestic solar market, and will undoubtedly stimulate more activity in domestic deployment by enterprises outside of the subsidy program,” Julian Wong, a senior policy analyst with the Center for American Progress, told the People’s Daily.

The central government could raise its 2020 solar power generation target more than fivefold to at least 10 gigawatts, the paper reported. Analysts expect that more than two gigawatts of new solar capacity will be installed by 2011, up from about 100 megawatts in 2008.

To help the country meet its goal, the central government in July said it would subsidize 50% of investment for solar projects as well as transmission and distribution systems that connect to grid networks. The subsidy rises to 70% for independent photovoltaic power generating systems in remote regions of the country that have no power supply.

However, Chinese solar companies aren’t just benefiting from the growing market of the mainland. Many are now building factories in the United States to bypass protectionist legislation. They’re also encouraging executives to join industry trade groups to squelch any anti-Chinese sentiment.

One such company is Suntech Power Holdings Co. (NYSE ADR: STP), which earlier this year said it plans to build a factory in the Southwest United States. The company said it is exploring opportunities in several states as it seeks to expand its presence in the U.S. solar market.

“It’ll be to facilitate sales — ‘buy American’ and things like that,” Steven Chan, Suntech’s head of global sales and marketing told The New York Times.

However, Suntech Chief Executive Officer Shi Zhengrong told The Times in an interview that 90% of the workers at the $30 million factory will be blue-collar laborers welding together panels from solar wafers made in China. And because of the generous subsidies it receives from Beijing, Suntech can sell solar panels on the U.S. market for less than the cost of the materials, assembly and shipping.

Yingli Green Energy Holding Co. (NYSE ADR: YGE), another large Chinese manufacturer, announced last week that it also had a “preliminary plan” to build solar panels in the United States, The Times reported.

Suntech is on track to pass Germany’s Q-Cells SE as the world’s No. 2 supplier of photovoltaic cells. After losing $69 million before interest and tax in the first half of the year, Q-Cells said it would cut 500 jobs – nearly a fifth of its workforce. Two other German solar companies – Conergy and Solarworld – also reported steep losses and are fighting for survival.

“A large part of the German solar cell and solar module manufacturers will not survive,” UBS AG analyst Patrick Hummel told the Financial Times Germany newspaper.

Both Conergy and Solarworld have accused Chinese manufacturers of dumping and called on Western governments to protect the solar industry with import tariffs on Chinese products. But so far there has been no action on the part of U.S. and European governments.

“It’s absolutely disgraceful that [U.S. President Barack] Obama is going around the world saying we will not resort to protectionist measures against China when they’re stealing the solar-panel business out from under us,” Peter Morici, an economist at the University of Maryland and former chief economist of the U.S. International Trade Commission, told The San Diego Union-Tribune.

Morici noted that China’s protectionist measures include a requirement that 75% of the content of government-purchased solar panels be Chinese-made. The United States has no such requirement.

In response to critics, Suntech’s Shi insists that his firm is helping the solar industry by making the technology more affordable.

“Western countries worry about the dramatic price reduction and talk about dumping. That shows a protectionist attitude. That’s wrong,” Shi told the United Kingdom’s Guardian. “We must work together to promote and utilise each other’s strengths.”

China recently  took a big step toward enhancing cooperation with Western solar companies by signing a deal with the Phoenix-based First Solar (Nasdaq: FSLR) to build the world’s largest solar plant.

The 2,000 megawatt complex will be built in Ordos City in Inner Mongolia by 2019. At that size, it would be about 30 times larger than any existing solar power stations in Europe.

“There are a few existing solar projects of about 50 to 60 megawatts, but this would be the biggest by a country mile,” Charles Yonts, an analyst specializing in alternative energy at CLSA Ltd. in Hong Kong, told Bloomberg. “China is suggesting the solar market will be up to 20,000 megawatts by 2020, but the scale of this project suggests these estimates are far too conservative.”

First Solar will consider solar module and manufacturing sites in Ordos City as part of the agreement.

The deal raised the eyebrows of many industry leaders who were skeptical about China’s willingness to work with Western companies.

“If you announce that we have such a huge need for solar panels that we are even going to put First Solar panels into China, all of a sudden we’ve gone from this massive threat to maybe we saw it the wrong way around,” Stephan Dolezalek, managing director of Silicon Valley-based venture capital firm VantagePoint Venture Partners, told Reuters.

“Maybe we should see the size of the Chinese market as this enormous upside potential, and maybe all of solar should be seeing it much more positively.”

BrightSource Energy Chief Executive Officer John Woolward said his company is moving “slowly and deliberately” to find a partner in China, while Tom Werner, chief executive of the California-based SunPower Corp. (Nasdaq: SPWRA) said the deal “clearly makes use more bullish on China.”

“We hope that that will result in us being able to penetrate that market as well,” he added.

Source: Solar Energy’s Future Shines Brightest in China

This from Penny Sleuth:

We don’t play politics at Penny Sleuth. Frankly, we can’t agree on politics. But that doesn’t mean smart investors should ignore what Washington’s doing. Some of the largest profits in history spawned from legislation and court rulings.

Take solar energy for example. After the introduction of the Solar Energy Research and advancement Act of 2007, investors watched as solar companies’ share prices exploded.

One of the biggest winners was First Solar Inc (NASDAQ:FSLR). The bill was brought before the House of Representatives on June 19, 2007. Over the next 12 months, First Solar’s shares jumped 300%.

Another was SunPower Corp (NASDAQ:SPWRA). SunPower’s shares blew up 151% in just six months.

Both of these gains can be directly contributed to a small bill being read in the House. This can happen on any particular day with any particular piece of legislation. We never know which bill or act will cause such run ups. But after November 4, we have a pretty good idea.

Obama Profit Opportunity No. 1:
Science’s Most Important Breakthrough in Centuries

While on the campaign trail, Barack Obama called for the ban on stem cells to be peeled back. He said that we have a duty to advance science in any way we can to cure the sick and improve the health of the world.

This should send all stem cell stocks through the roof. But if investors can pinpoint the right biotech/R&D firm, they’ll see the largest of these gains. Potentially collecting triple or even quadruple digit profits.

Fractured Spinal Cord? No Problem

Neuralstem Inc (AMEX:CUR) is an industry leader in Human Neural Stem Cell technology. Simply put, Neuralstem is working on cures for central nervous system diseases. The company currently has four issued patents and 12 more pending. Each of these are crucial to the industry. It limits competition, while providing a lucrative asset for future growth.

These patents cover a specific regenerative process where neural stem cells are administered to the area where a spinal cord fracture occurred. These stem cells grow and heal the fracture, which restores motor functions to the parts of the body where it’s been cut off.

For instance, if someone falls and fractures their spinal cord, there’s a good chance that person will lose control over the lower half of his or her body. In the past, that person would never be able to walk again. With Neuralstem’s technology, a simple injection can restore the person’s control.

Currently, the market values Neuralstem at just $51 million. Shares can be bought for around $1.60. That’s obviously too cheap. It’ll only take one bill, announcement, or speech to send shares flying. It appears that the stem cell ban will be lifted in the first 100 days of the Obama Presidency, so Neuralstem could see a huge boost in early 2009.

Obama Profit Opportunity No. 2:
Fixing Renewable Energy’s Fatal Flaw

There is only a certain amount of time during the day when windmills can produce energy. The average capacity factor for wind power is about 30%. The rest of the time, these windmills sit like giant statues, waiting for the next gust of wind. During that period — the “energy time gap” — no new electricity is going onto the power grids.

The same goes for solar power. The sun doesn’t shine 100% of the time. Even in the vast deserts of the U.S. Southwest in the peak of summer, the sun is up only about 14 hours per day. When it is up, there are problems with cloud coverage. The average capacity factor for solar power is around 25%.

Round-the-Clock Energy Storage

ZBB Energy Corp (AMEX:ZBB) designs and manufactures a special type of fuel cell storage device called Zinc Energy Storage Systems (ZESS). ZBB’s systems are used worldwide in the renewable energy fields. For instance, wind and solar farms use ZESS to store extra energy during peak hours. Then, in off-peak periods (no wind or at night), the ZESS can transmit its stored power to the grid. This system allows for continuous electricity 24 hours a day.

Here’s the best part… It only takes three to four hours to charge a ZESS. That’s plenty of time to store the solar or wind power during peak time. The company sells its systems to wind and solar farms, utilities, and commercial/industrial sites.

Banking on the First 100 Days

Within the first 100 days of Obama’s Administration, the demand will likely multiply. Obama plans to invest $150 billion to help create five million jobs in clean energy over then next 10 years. You can bet that a good portion of that money will be sent to wind and solar farms. Those farms will need to increase efficiency and storage. That’s when they’ll call ZBB.

On top of the spending, Obama has already declared he’ll push for new, strict mandates on energy and efficiency. For instance, he’s calling for 10% of our electricity to come from renewables by 2012 and 25% by 2025.

Obama Profit Opportunity No. 3:
It’s Upgrade Time

Many investors run from the defense industry when they hear a Democrat coming. We think you should jump right in. You see, the largest defense contracts in our nation’s history have come under Democrats. In fact, almost every period of the military buildup has come from a left-of-center White House…with the exception of Ronald Reagan.

As we enter our sixth year of the Iraq War and our eighth year of the one in Afghanistan, our weapons, vehicles, and equipment are desperately overdue for repairs and upgrades.

Whether you are a Democrat or a Republican, you still provide our troops with the best equipment available. It certainly wouldn’t look good for Obama to enter the oval office on day one and cut equipment upgrades to the troops in war zones.

We think he’s going to take the opportunity to “reach across the aisle” and upgrade our military’s technologies and defenses. He’ll want to do that early if he plans to get any of his agenda passed.

Niche Player in a Mega Industry

That’s why we recommend you check out Herley Industries (NASDAQ:HRLY). Herley is a leader in RF microwave and millimeter wave components. These components are crucial to flight instrumentation, weapons sensors, guidance systems, and radars.

The company currently has a backlog of $157 million, with a market cap of just $139 million. Herley’s list of customers include Northrop Grumman, Boeing, Lockheed Martin, and the U.S. government.

While you might not have heard of it, Herley has been around since 1965. It’s been designing microwave devices for the defense industry for over 40 years. The company’s technology has been implemented in such projects as the F-16 Falcon, E-2C/D Hawkeye, and the AMRAAM air to air missile.

This kind of background puts it in the front spot for any future defense upgrades. On top of that, it’s stock is extremely cheap. It’s trading at just 0.72 price-to-book, and 0.63 price-to-sales.

Defense is likely a top priority for the incoming Obama Administration. The time is right to jump in on a niche defense company like Herley.

Source: The Three Best Plays for Obama’s First 100 Days

• Sales of existing homes fell 3.1% in October, the lowest drop in four years, Reuters reported. Over the past year, medium home prices also declined 11.3% to $183,300, the biggest percentage drop since the National Association of Realtors began keeping records in 1968.

• Chile’s gross domestic product beat forecasts and grew 4.8% in the third quarter. Domestic demand was strong, as was energy output. “These figures surprised the market and showed that the Chilean economy is surprisingly resistant to a rapid deceleration,” Juan Pablo Castro, an economist at Banco Santander SA in Santiago, told Bloomberg. “Consumption is still growing at around 6 percent even though you’d expect to see the effects of inflation and interest-rate rises.”

• Shares of Solar power manufacturer SunPower Corp. (SPWRA) jumped yesterday after the company announced it had completed an 18-megawatt solar electric power plant in Badajoz, Spain. The plant’s SunPower Tracker follows the sun as it moves across the sky, increasing sunlight capture by up to 30% more than conventional fixed-tilt systems.

• China oil titan Cnooc Ltd. (CEO) and undisclosed partners may spend up to $29 billion to develop deposits in the South China Sea. The state-run oil company is making a big push to feed domestic energy demand as well as put its flag in an oil-rich aquatic area where its facing exploration competition from Vietnam and Indonesia, Bloomberg reported.

• Alpharma Inc. (ALO) yesterday (Monday) agreed to King Pharmaceuticals Inc.’s (KG) $1.6 billion cash takeover offer. The deal values Alpharma at $37 a share – a 54% premium to the company’s closing price on Aug. 21, the last trading day before King’s initial $33-per-share bid.

• Xerox Corp. (XRX) yesterday (Monday) said that 2009 profits are generally in line with analyst expectations and that its strong contingent of repeat customers coupled with cost cuts will help it weather the economic downturn. The company, which last month said it plans to cut about 3,000 jobs, or 5% of its work force, expects 2009 profit to range between $1 a share to $1.25 a share.

• The price of crude oil yesterday (Monday) rose $4.57 a barrel, or 9.15%, to settle at $54.50 a barrel on the New York Mercantile Exchange. Oil climbed more than $5 earlier in the day, reaching a session high of $55.30 a barrel on hopes that equity markets will continue to recover.

Source: Global Investing Roundups, Tuesday, November 25th, 2008

Since then, however, concerns of oversupply have whacked solar stocks. This prompted Goldman Sachs (NYSE:GS) to downgrade several solar companies to a “sell”.

J. Cristoph Amberger says the current financial crisis will hurt investment in solar power. He recommends investors sell their positions while they still can.

This from Today’s Financial News:

Two key solar stocks are being hit hard in early indications. First Solar, Inc. (NASDAQ: FSLR) had already cut its 52-week high of $317.00 by more than half. Trading below $140 today (down 10%-plus), it’s still twenty bucks above its 52-week low of $124.96.

SunPower Corporation (NASDAQ: SPWRA), too, has been decimated. (In fact, “decimated” — meaning a violent elimination of a tenth! — seems too tame a term to describe what’s happened!) The stock is worth just a third of its 52-week high of $164.49, trading just above its 52-week low of $52 right now.

My own recent recommendation of Yingli Green Energy (NYSE:YGE) is down to $7.59 (-10.50% just today) for a total loss of -55.58%.

I do not believe the stock will double any time soon for us to break even on it. Goldman Sachs’ change of direction tell me we’re in for a sea change in the attitude toward solar companies in general, beyond the upheaval in the current market.

My original call on Yingli — which we had covered since its IPO back in the Taipan days — was motivated by expectations that Obama will win the election, unleashing a tidal flow of speculative money into “politically correct” investments. A flow triggered by the expectations of a Federal gravy train of subsidies that could make up for the economic shortcomings of solar energy.

That money may still be coming. But overall, I believe recent fascination with solar is a Prosperity Phenomenon. It’s the equivalent of a Levenger catalog (”Tools for Serious Readers”) or an Eagle Scout project marking storm drains in prosperous suburban neighborhoods with “Don’t Dump” stencils. (I did that last Saturday!)

Large-scale adoption of solar technology by consumers represents a huge investment. And currently, it doesn’t look like there will be excess play money lying around anywhere… or credit being extended.

Plus, there’s talk of a huge solar over-supply by 2010.

My recommendation: Solar technology is the new bio-ethanol. Sell while you still get money for your shares.

Source: The Death of Solar? Yet Another Bubble Has Popped!