Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae are to America’s great empire what the East India Company was to the British Empire in the 19th century…and the Louisiana Company was to France in the 18th. Huge, stupid, and probably fatal.

Freddie and Fannie are huge government-chartered mortgage lenders. In 18th century France, speculators bet on the riches of Louisiana, through the government-chartered Louisiana Company. In the 19th century, they wagered their money on the riches of India, through the government-chartered Eastn India Company. And in the 20th century, they gambled on rising housing prices through Fannie and Freddie.

The immediate problem is that the mortgage lenders are running out of money. They need to raise $75 billion. A few years ago, that would have been no problem.

Everybody was ready to put money into America’s go-go, securitized housing market. But then, housing went.

Yesterday’s news tells us that housing prices are falling in 23 out of 25 U.S. metropolitan areas. That, according to Case/Shiller. Foreclosures are still rising at a faster and faster pace. Etc. Etc.

(We’re sparing you the details…we don’t want to upset you too much, dear investor.)

So now, Freddie and Fannie have a problem. They need to raise money – a lot of it. And now it has become “very difficult,” say the experts, to raise that kind of dough. Investors are slowly putting two and three together. The pair of mortgage lenders needs more cash. Their industry is in full flight. Their capital is disappearing.

Their collateral gets marked down every month: “Hey, maybe we should sell the stock!” The result of these deliberations was a bad day on Wall Street for the twins, bringing total losses into the billions for remaining stockholders, who were too slow or too dull to sell their shares.

And for the faithful and/or delirious masses who continue to cling to their Fannie and Freddie shares, the bad news has not yet abated. The giant mortgage lenders must still raise even more capital to cover their mounting piles of defaulting mortgage debts. Freddie and Fannie still need to raise money…lots more money. And if a report leaked from Bridgewater Associates turns out to be correct, so will a lot of other businesses…and governments. Bridgewater’s confidential memo – which got out to the Swiss press and then made its way to Ambrose Evans-Pritchard at The Telegraph in London – says that losses from the credit crunch could go as high as $1.6 trillion…four times as high as official estimates from the IMF.

And it only gets worse…

One trillion, six hundred billion dollars is a lot of money. If Bridgewater is right, the whole financial sector will be gutted. You’ll remember, dear investor, after manufacturing pulled out of America, the financial industry was left. And retail. Housing. Services. And not much else. The center of economic power shifted from Detroit and Trenton – where they made things – to Manhattan, where they financed them. Mothers ceased wanting their babies to grow up to be CEO of General Motors; they wanted them to go to Wall Street. That’s where the real money was. Finance was the key not only to huge profits itself, but also to the growth of the retail and housing sectors. People bought durable goods and consumer goods on credit. No credit; no purchases. No purchases; no consumer economy.

Well, now GM has lost 75% of its value…and the financial industry is not far behind.

Well, Bridgewater goes on to say that a $1.6 trillion loss in the financial industry will mean a loss of $12 trillion in credit to the economy as a whole. When the lenders don’t have capital, they can’t lend it out. Typically, they lend $10 for every dollar of capital. So if a dollar of capital is wiped off their balance sheets, as much as $10 of credit is erased from the economy.

Here in Europe, we’re used to high prices. One billion? Heck, we spend that much on lunch. But $12 trillion begins to sound like real money. And $12 trillion taken out of the U.S. consumer economy begins to sound like the Great Depression. Like Japan, 1990-2006…only worse. Collapsing asset prices. Rising unemployment. Bankruptcies. Defaults.

Of course, no central bank or government will go into that good night without a fight. The Fed will cut rates…and lower reserve requirements…and probably intervene directly in markets. Banks will be effectively nationalized…The federal government will increase borrowing and spending to try to offset the money disappearing from the markets and the economy.

What about the foreigners? What about Sovereign Wealth Funds? They’ve got a lot of money. Couldn’t they help recapitalize the credit system? Alas, the SWFs have only $3 trillion currently. And the foreigners? Our guess is that when they realize what is happening they will be desperate to get rid of dollars and U.S. paper of all sorts.

Instead, they’ll want real resources, factories, brands, concrete and land. And they will have a great opportunity. As asset prices fall, they will be able to buy more valuable properties in America at bargain prices. Already, Abu Dhabi bought the Empire State Building. A Belgian brewery, run by Brazilians, is buying Budweiser.
More to come…

How’s our “Trade of the Decade” doing? Eight years ago we suggested you sell stocks and buy gold. The bull market on Wall Street was over, we thought. A bull market in gold was just beginning.

As far as we can tell, we were right.

The S&P is down about 20% from its high…which puts U.S. stocks barely lower than they were in 2000. But adjusted for inflation, the loss has been spectacular. Remember, oil has gone from around $10 a barrel to around $140 a barrel. Everything else has gone up too. Even by official CPI numbers, the year 2000 buck is worth only about 80 cents. And the dollar against the euro is down about 40%.

Real bear markets typically last 10-15 years. This one has another few years to go. These should be the most interesting ones. Commentators are already looking for a bottom in the stock market. They may have to wait a long time.

An ounce of gold would buy the whole Dow in 1926…again in the 1930s…and once again in 1980. If gold stays where it is, the Dow would have to drop below 1,000 for the gold/Dow ratio to return to one. More likely, the Dow will drop and gold will rise to meet it. In 1999, gold bottomed out at around $260 an ounce. Since then it is up nearly 5 times. The U.S. money supply, however, has gone up 11 times. So, our guess is that there’s plenty of upside left for the stuff they make dental fillings out of. If it were to equal the increase in M3, its price could rise to $2,700 or so.

This is all guesswork, of course. But the Trade of the Decade still looks good to us. Gold and the Dow will probably come together somewhere north of 3,000….

Source: The Woes of Fannie and Freddie